SYTA synaptotagmin A [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: SYTA
Official Full Name: synaptotagmin A
Primary source: TAIR:AT2G20990
Locus tag: AT2G20990
See related: Araport:AT2G20990
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA SYNAPTOTAGMIN A; ATSYTA; F26H11.25; NTMC2T1.1; NTMC2TYPE1.1; SYNAPTOTAGMIN 1; synaptotagmin A; SYT1
Summary: Encodes a plasma membrane localized protein with similarity to synaptotagmins, a class of membrane trafficking proteins. SYT1 is expressed in all tissues. Loss of function mutations show hypersensitivity to NaCl and electrolyte leakage from the plasma membrane. SYT1 also affects calcium dependent freezing tolerance. SYT1 probably plays a role in membrane repair such as membrane resealing after freezing induced damage. Regulates endocytosis endosome recycling at the plasma membrane, but not membrane traffic along the secretory pathway.
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Genomic context

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See SYTA in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 2

Exon count:: 12

Sequence:: Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (9014470..9018099)

Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003071.7

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The findings show that SYT1-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) contact sites (EPCSs) are distributed to immobile tubules and play an important role in the formation of the tubular ER network.
Title: Synaptotagmin-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites Are Localized to Immobile ER Tubules.
These findings show that Arabidopsis SYTA is one host factor that can recognize the Tobacco mosaic virus movement protein plasmodesmal localization signal and suggest that this interaction may stabilize the association of Tobacco mosaic virus movement protein with plasmodesmata.
Title: The Plasmodesmal Localization Signal of TMV MP Is Recognized by Plant Synaptotagmin SYTA.
maintains stability of cortical endoplasmic reticulum networks and VAP27-1-enriched endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites
Title: Arabidopsis SYT1 maintains stability of cortical endoplasmic reticulum networks and VAP27-1-enriched endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites.
SYT1 also regulates the atypical peroxisomal myrosinase PEN2-associated secretory pathway.
Title: Synaptotagmin 1 Negatively Controls the Two Distinct Immune Secretory Pathways to Powdery Mildew Fungi in Arabidopsis.
The findings show that SYTA is essential to form ER-plasma membrane contact sites and suggest that plant virus movement proteins interact with SYTA to recruit these sites to alter plasmodesmata for virus cell-to-cell movement.
Title: Synaptotagmin SYTA forms ER-plasma membrane junctions that are recruited to plasmodesmata for plant virus movement.
The subcellular localization and functional characterization of SYT1 highlights a putative role of plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane contact site components in the cellular adaptation to environmental stresses.
Title: The Arabidopsis synaptotagmin1 is enriched in endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites and confers cellular resistance to mechanical stresses.
localization of SYT1 to the plasma membrane
Title: Arabidopsis synaptotagmin SYT1, a type I signal-anchor protein, requires tandem C2 domains for delivery to the plasma membrane.
Sudies show that SYTA regulates endocytosis, and suggest that distinct virus movement proteins transport their cargos to plasmodesmata for cell-to-cell spread via an endocytic recycling pathway.
Title: Arabidopsis synaptotagmin SYTA regulates endocytosis and virus movement protein cell-to-cell transport.
Studies show that Ca2+ activates the SYT1-C2A domain, which, after binding to SNAREs, triggers vesicle-plasma-membrane fusion.
Title: Plasma membrane repair in plants.
SYTA regulates plasma membrane endocytosis resulting in roles for SYTA in biotic (cell-cell movement of viruses) and abiotic stresses. SYTA function points to the importance of endocytic recycling in plant cell-cell communication via plasmodesmata. [SYTA]
Title: Arabidopsis synaptotagmin SYTA regulates endocytosis and virus movement protein cell-to-cell transport.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_001202636.1

Supported by ESTs:

NM_001202637.1

Supported by ESTs:

NM_127668.4

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables diacylglycerol binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within endocytic recycling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within endocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within endoplasmic reticulum organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within plasma membrane repair	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein targeting to membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to cold	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to mechanical stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to virus	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within transport of virus in host, cell to cell	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cortical endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plant-type vacuole	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
located_in plasmodesma	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: synaptotagmin A

NP_001189565.1

synaptotagmin A (SYTA); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: C2 membrane targeting protein (InterPro:IPR018029), C2 calcium/lipid-binding domain, CaLB (InterPro:IPR008973), C2 region (InterPro:IPR020477), C2 calcium-dependent membrane targeting (InterPro:IPR000008); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Calcium-dependent lipid-binding (CaLB domain) family protein (TAIR:AT1G20080.1).

NP_001189566.1

synaptotagmin A (SYTA); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: C2 membrane targeting protein (InterPro:IPR018029), C2 calcium/lipid-binding domain, CaLB (InterPro:IPR008973), C2 region (InterPro:IPR020477), C2 calcium-dependent membrane targeting (InterPro:IPR000008); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Calcium-dependent lipid-binding (CaLB domain) family protein (TAIR:AT1G20080.1).

NP_565495.1

synaptotagmin A (SYTA); FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown; INVOLVED IN: in 7 processes; LOCATED IN: endosome, plasma membrane, vacuole, membrane; EXPRESSED IN: whole plant, guard cell, cultured cell, callus, leaf; EXPRESSED DURING: seedling growth; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: C2 membrane targeting protein (InterPro:IPR018029), C2 calcium/lipid-binding domain, CaLB (InterPro:IPR008973), C2 region (InterPro:IPR020477), C2 calcium-dependent membrane targeting (InterPro:IPR000008); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Calcium-dependent lipid-binding (CaLB domain) family protein (TAIR:AT1G20080.1); Has 7068 Blast hits to 5182 proteins in 270 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 4491; Fungi - 774; Plants - 1307; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 496 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

Range

9014470..9018099

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_127668.4 → NP_565495.1 synaptotagmin A [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_565495.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q94AS0, Q9SKR2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VUN9, A0A654EVY1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG5038
Location:2 → 474

COG5038; Ca2+-dependent lipid-binding protein, contains C2 domain [General function prediction only]

cl14603
Location:423 → 530

C2; C2 domain
NM_001202637.1 → NP_001189566.1 synaptotagmin A [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001189566.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VUN9, A0A5S9X041, F4IFM6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG5038
Location:2 → 512

COG5038; Ca2+-dependent lipid-binding protein, contains C2 domain [General function prediction only]

cl14603
Location:461 → 568

C2; C2 domain
NM_001202636.1 → NP_001189565.1 synaptotagmin A [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001189565.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VUN9, F4IFM7

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam00168
Location:260 → 338

C2; C2 domain

pfam17047
Location:67 → 249

SMP_LBD; Synaptotagmin-like mitochondrial-lipid-binding domain