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    RETN resistin [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 56729, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    RETNprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    resistinprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:20389
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000104918 MIM:605565; AllianceGenome:HGNC:20389
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ADSF; RENT; RSTN; XCP1; FIZZ3; RETN1
    Summary
    This gene belongs to the family defined by the mouse resistin-like genes. The characteristic feature of this family is the C-terminal stretch of 10 cys residues with identical spacing. The mouse homolog of this protein is secreted by adipocytes, and may be the hormone potentially linking obesity to type II diabetes. The encoded protein also has an antimicrobial role in skin, displaying antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020]
    Expression
    Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 57.7) and lung (RPKM 6.4) See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See RETN in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19p13.2
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (7669049..7670455)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (7669929..7671334)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (7733935..7735341)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene syntaxin binding protein 2 Neighboring gene PET100 cytochrome c oxidase chaperone Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:7701542-7702069 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:7702070-7702598 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:7702599-7703125 Neighboring gene Purkinje cell protein 2 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9989 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13890 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13891 Neighboring gene RPS27A pseudogene 19 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13892 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9990 Neighboring gene mast cell expressed membrane protein 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 435 Neighboring gene trafficking protein particle complex subunit 5 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr19:7749795-7749977

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Circulating resistin levels are lower in hypothyroid women but independent from thyroid hormones concentrations. Owecki M, et al. Neuro Endocrinol Lett, 2008 Feb. PMID 18283268
    2. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma cell adhesion stimulated by adipokine resistin. Yang CC, et al. BMC Cancer, 2014 Feb 20. PMID 24555415, Free PMC Article
    3. Resistin is expressed in human hepatocytes and induces insulin resistance. Sheng CH, et al. Endocrine, 2008 Apr. PMID 18446452
    4. Resistin -420C>G promoter variant and colorectal cancer risk. Mahmoudi T, et al. Int J Biol Markers, 2014 Sep 30. PMID 24585435
    5. Cross-species replication of a resistin mRNA QTL, but not QTLs for circulating levels of resistin, in human and baboon. Tejero ME, et al. Heredity (Edinb), 2008 Jul. PMID 18446183

    See all (652) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Resistin Gene Promoter -420C>G (rs1862513) and +299 G>A (rs3745367) Polymorphisms in Psoriasis.
      Title: Resistin Gene Promoter -420C>G (rs1862513) and +299 G>A (rs3745367) Polymorphisms in Psoriasis.
    2. Interaction effect between low birthweight and resistin gene rs1862513 variant on insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood: Toon Genome Study.
      Title: Interaction effect between low birthweight and resistin gene rs1862513 variant on insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood: Toon Genome Study.
    3. Serum resistin and lipid profile in primigravida females with and without preeclampsia: An analytical cross-sectional study.
      Title: Serum resistin and lipid profile in primigravida females with and without preeclampsia: An analytical cross-sectional study.
    4. Resistin Pathway as Novel Mechanism of Post-lung Transplantation Bronchial Stenosis.
      Title: Resistin Pathway as Novel Mechanism of Post-lung Transplantation Bronchial Stenosis.
    5. Resistin stimulates PC-3 prostate cancer cell growth through stimulation of SOCS3 and SOCS5 genes.
      Title: Resistin stimulates PC-3 prostate cancer cell growth through stimulation of SOCS3 and SOCS5 genes.
    6. Study on the correlation between gene polymorphisms of adiponectin and resistin levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
      Title: Study on the correlation between gene polymorphisms of adiponectin and resistin levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
    7. Relationship of circulating resistin levels with muscle mass determined by bioelectrical impedance in females with obesity.
      Title: Relationship of circulating resistin levels with muscle mass determined by bioelectrical impedance in females with obesity.
    8. The differential role of resistin on invasive liver cancer cells.
      Title: The differential role of resistin on invasive liver cancer cells.
    9. Impacts of RETN genetic polymorphism on breast cancer development in Beni-Suef females, Egypt.
      Title: Impacts of RETN genetic polymorphism on breast cancer development in Beni-Suef females, Egypt.
    10. Association of adipocytokines and adipocytokine ratios with cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese preadolescents.
      Title: Association of adipocytokines and adipocytokine ratios with cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese preadolescents.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (598)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Type 2 diabetes mellitus
    MedGen: C0011860 OMIM: 125853 GeneReviews: WFS1 Spectrum Disorder
    		not available

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Common quantitative trait locus downstream of RETN gene identified by genome-wide association study is associated with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han Chinese: a Mendelian randomization effect.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide association analysis identifies TYW3/CRYZ and NDST4 loci associated with circulating resistin levels.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to the immunosuppressive domain (amino acids 574-592) of HIV-1 gp41 upregulates the expression of resistin (RETN) in peptide-treated PBMCs PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC126603, MGC126609

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables hormone activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in fat cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of feeding behavior IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of progesterone secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of synaptic transmission IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to insulin IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in response to mechanical stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in azurophil granule lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in extracellular space IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in specific granule lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    resistin
    Names
    C/EBP-epsilon regulated myeloid-specific secreted cysteine-rich protein precursor 1
    adipose tissue-specific secretory factor
    c/EBP-epsilon-regulated myeloid-specific secreted cysteine-rich protein
    cysteine-rich secreted protein A12-alpha-like 2
    cysteine-rich secreted protein FIZZ3
    found in inflammatory zone 3
    resistin delta2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_023447.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      4964..6370
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001193374.2 → NP_001180303.1  resistin isoform a precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001180303.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks a segment in the 5' UTR, as compared to variant 1. Variants 1-3 all encode the same isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008763, AY207314
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12182.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D6W649, Q540D9, Q76B53, Q9HD89
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06954
      Location:22 → 106
      Resistin

    2. NM_001385725.1 → NP_001372654.1  resistin isoform a precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3), as well as variants 1 and 2, encodes isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008763
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12182.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D6W649, Q540D9, Q76B53, Q9HD89
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06954
      Location:22 → 106
      Resistin

    3. NM_001385726.1 → NP_001372655.1  resistin isoform b precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) encodes the longest isoform (b).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008763
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06954
      Location:22 → 120
      Resistin

    4. NM_001385727.1 → NP_001372656.1  resistin isoform c precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC008763
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS92503.1
      Related
      ENSP00000485998.1, ENST00000629642.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl06143
      Location:22 → 80
      RELM; resistin-like molecule (RELM) hormone family

    5. NM_020415.4 → NP_065148.1  resistin isoform a precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_065148.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform a. Variants 1-3 all encode the same isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC008763, AF205952, BC069302
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12182.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      D6W649, Q540D9, Q76B53, Q9HD89
      Related
      ENSP00000221515.1, ENST00000221515.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam06954
      Location:22 → 106
      Resistin

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      7669049..7670455
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      7669929..7671334
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9HD89.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9HD89

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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