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    Rgr retinal G protein coupled receptor [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 57811, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Rgrprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    retinal G protein coupled receptorprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1929473
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000021804 AllianceGenome:MGI:1929473
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Summary
    The gene is a member of the opsin family of G-protein coupled receptors. The encoded protein is expressed in the retina, and acts as a photoisomerase to catalyze the conversion of all-trans-retinal to 11-cis-retinal. Disruption of a similar gene in human is associated with autosomal recessive (arRP) and autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
    Expression
    Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Rgr in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    14 B; 14 21.29 cM
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 14 NC_000080.7 (36756866..36770971, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 14 NC_000080.6 (37034909..37049014, complement)

    Chromosome 14 - NC_000080.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36414 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 25204 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E3109 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36416 Neighboring gene coiled-coil serine rich 2 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 53853 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36418 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E8553 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36421 Neighboring gene leucine-rich repeat, immunoglobulin-like and transmembrane domains 1 Neighboring gene leucine-rich repeat, immunoglobulin-like and transmembrane domains 2 Neighboring gene cadherin-related family member 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. A photic visual cycle of rhodopsin regeneration is dependent on Rgr. Chen P, et al. Nat Genet, 2001 Jul. PMID 11431696
    2. The retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) enhances isomerohydrolase activity independent of light. Wenzel A, et al. J Biol Chem, 2005 Aug 19. PMID 15961402
    3. Structure and developmental expression of the mouse RGR opsin gene. Tao L, et al. Mol Vis, 1998 Dec 2. PMID 9841934
    4. Organization of the G protein-coupled receptors rhodopsin and opsin in native membranes. Liang Y, et al. J Biol Chem, 2003 Jun 13. PMID 12663652, Free PMC Article
    5. Proteopathy Linked to Exon-Skipping Isoform of RGR-Opsin Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ren C, et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2023 Oct 3. PMID 37883094, Free PMC Article

    See all (27) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Proteopathy Linked to Exon-Skipping Isoform of RGR-Opsin Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
      Title: Proteopathy Linked to Exon-Skipping Isoform of RGR-Opsin Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
    2. Human RGR Gene and Associated Features of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Models of Retina-Choriocapillaris Atrophy.
      Title: Human RGR Gene and Associated Features of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Models of Retina-Choriocapillaris Atrophy.
    3. RGR opsin and retinol dehydrogenase-10 (Rdh10) convert all-trans-retinol to 11-cis-retinol during exposure to visible light. Cones in Rgr-/- retinas lost sensitivity at a faster rate than cones in Rgr+/+ retinas. A similar effect was seen in Rgr+/+ retinas following treatment with the glial cell toxin, alpha-aminoadipic acid.
      Title: Light-Driven Regeneration of Cone Visual Pigments through a Mechanism Involving RGR Opsin in Müller Glial Cells.
    4. RGR-opsin mediates light-dependent translocation of all-trans-retinyl esters from a storage pool in lipid droplets to an "isomerase pool" in membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.
      Title: Retinal pigment epithelium-retinal G protein receptor-opsin mediates light-dependent translocation of all-trans-retinyl esters for synthesis of visual chromophore in retinal pigment epithelial cells.
    5. The role of Rgr using rgr-/- single and rdh5-/-rgr-/- double knockout mice under a number of light conditions was studied; results suggest that RGR and RDH5 are likely to function in the retinoid cycle, although their role is not essential
      Title: Evaluation of the role of the retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) in the vertebrate retina in vivo.
    6. structure of rhodopsin and opsin dimer in native membranes
      Title: Organization of the G protein-coupled receptors rhodopsin and opsin in native membranes.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    Pathways from PubChem

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    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables photoreceptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cellular response to light stimulus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in phototransduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in phototransduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in visual perception IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor
    Names
    RGR opsin

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001301692.1 → NP_001288621.1  RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288621.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate exon in the 5' coding region and uses an alternate downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK044450, BC082611, CK622127, CK626179
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q543X1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:22 → 38
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:13 → 169
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    2. NM_001301694.1 → NP_001288623.1  RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288623.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site and lacks an alternate exon in the 5' coding region, and uses an alternate downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK044450, BC082611, CK622127, CK623457
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q543X1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:22 → 38
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:13 → 169
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    3. NM_021340.4 → NP_067315.1  RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067315.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK044450, BC082611, CK622127
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS26949.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9Z2B3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3UEX9, Q543X1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000022338.6, ENSMUST00000022338.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl18967
      Location:38 → 139
      Csx17_I-U; CRISPR/Cas system-associated protein Csx17

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000080.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      36756866..36770971 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011245125.2 → XP_011243427.1  RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011243427.1

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:22 → 38
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:13 → 169
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    2. XM_017316102.2 → XP_017171591.1  RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor isoform X2

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:18 → 38
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:13 → 159
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    3. XM_036158773.1 → XP_036014666.1  RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor isoform X3

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:18 → 38
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 4 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:13 → 144
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9Z2B3.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9Z2B3

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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