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    MSTN myostatin [ Bos taurus (domestic cattle) ]

    Gene ID: 281187, updated on 30-Jan-2025

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    MSTNprovided by VGNC
    Official Full Name
    myostatinprovided by VGNC
    Primary source
    VGNC:VGNC:31709
    See related
    BGD:BT12005; EnsemblRapid:ENSBTAG00070001742
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Bos taurus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos
    Also known as
    GDF8
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate an N-terminal propeptide and a C-terminal subunit. The C-terminal subunits form the mature homodimer, which negatively regulates skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. Mutations in this gene are associated with increased skeletal muscle mass in humans and other mammals. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]
    Orthologs
    human mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See MSTN in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 2
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_12 current ARS-UCD2.0 (GCF_002263795.3) 2 NC_037329.1 (6278864..6285491)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_037329.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene transfer RNA tryptophan (anticodon CCA) Neighboring gene 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase Neighboring gene chromosome 2 C2orf88 homolog Neighboring gene protein kish-A-like Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC132342937 Neighboring gene PMS1 homolog 1, mismatch repair system component

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_037329.1 Chromosome 2 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Dominette sequence data
    • BioProject: PRJNA294306
    • Analysis date: Tue Dec 17 08:57:05 2024

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Efficient generation of myostatin (MSTN) biallelic mutations in cattle using zinc finger nucleases. Luo J, et al. PLoS One, 2014. PMID 24743319, Free PMC Article
    2. Interaction between myostatin and extracellular matrix components. Miura T, et al. Anim Sci J, 2010 Feb. PMID 20163680
    3. Molecular analysis of the first intron in the bovine myostatin gene. He Y, et al. Mol Biol Rep, 2011 Oct. PMID 21125331
    4. Myostatin (GDF8) single nucleotide polymorphisms in Nellore cattle. Grisolia AB, et al. Genet Mol Res, 2009 Jul 21. PMID 19731204
    5. Expression of genes related to myostatin signaling during rat skeletal muscle longitudinal growth. Aoki MS, et al. Muscle Nerve, 2009 Dec. PMID 19705480

    See all (45) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Smooth Muscle of Myostatin Knockout Cattle.
      Title: Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Smooth Muscle of Myostatin Knockout Cattle.
    2. Association between polymorphisms of Myf5, MSTN and CAST genes and fattening performance in Brown Swiss and Holstein cattle breeds.
      Title: Association between polymorphisms of Myf5, MSTN and CAST genes and fattening performance in Brown Swiss and Holstein cattle breeds.
    3. MSTN Mutant Promotes Myogenic Differentiation by Increasing Demethylase TET1 Expression via the SMAD2/SMAD3 Pathway.
      Title: MSTN Mutant Promotes Myogenic Differentiation by Increasing Demethylase TET1 Expression via the SMAD2/SMAD3 Pathway.
    4. Myostatin site-directed mutation and simultaneous PPARgamma site-directed knockin in bovine genome.
      Title: Myostatin site-directed mutation and simultaneous PPARγ site-directed knockin in bovine genome.
    5. Proteomics insights into the effects of MSTN on muscle glucose and lipid metabolism in genetically edited cattle.
      Title: Proteomics insights into the effects of MSTN on muscle glucose and lipid metabolism in genetically edited cattle.
    6. Identified conserved polymorphisms in coding and non-coding regions of bovine MSTN gene. Variations in MSTN might affect growth and carcass traits in NZ cattle.
      Title: Genetic variations and haplotypic diversity in the Myostatin gene of New Zealand cattle breeds.
    7. The MSTN-F94L variant was the most strongly associated with five traits (birth weight, calving ease direct, milk, weaning weight and yield grade) among the 13 measured traits in pure-bred Limousin and admixed Limousin and Limousin-Angus populations.
      Title: Increasing the accuracy of genomic prediction in pure-bred Limousin beef cattle by including cross-bred Limousin data and accounting for an F94L variant in MSTN.
    8. may have an intraovarian autocrine/paracrine role to modulate thecal and granulosal steroidogenesis and cell proliferation/survival
      Title: Myostatin is expressed in bovine ovarian follicles and modulates granulosal and thecal steroidogenesis.
    9. GH/HpaII locus as candidate marker for body weight in cattle rather than MSTN/DraI.
      Title: Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in GH/Hpa II and MSTN / Dra I Loci on Body Weight in Friesian Bull Calves.
    10. Data indicate that the the promoter trap vector PIII-myostatin could knock out the bovine myostatin gene.
      Title: A promoter trap vector for knocking out bovine myostatin gene with high targeting efficiency.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (37)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables cytokine activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables growth factor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    growth/differentiation factor 8
    Names
    GDF-8

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001001525.3 → NP_001001525.1  growth/differentiation factor 8 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001001525.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      BC134563, DAAA02003905
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A4IFF8, O18829, O18836, Q564D4, Q8WNS6, Q95N97
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A4ZVC5, C6KEF7
      Related
      ENSBTAP00070002249.1, ENSBTAT00070004033.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam00688
      Location:36 → 236
      TGFb_propeptide; TGF-beta propeptide
      cd19388
      Location:268 → 375
      TGF_beta_GDF8; transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) like domain found in growth/differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) and similar proteins

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_002263795.3-RS_2024_12

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_037329.1 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

      Range
      6278864..6285491
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O18836.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O18836

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials