RHOU ras homolog family member U [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RHOUprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: ras homolog family member Uprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:17794
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000116574 MIM:606366; AllianceGenome:HGNC:17794
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ARHU; G28K; WRCH1; hG28K; CDC42L1
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the Rho family of GTPases. This protein can activate PAK1 and JNK1, and can induce filopodium formation and stress fiber dissolution. It may also mediate the effects of WNT1 signaling in the regulation of cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and cell proliferation. A non-coding transcript variant of this gene results from naturally occurring read-through transcription between this locus and the neighboring DUSP5P (dual specificity phosphatase 5 pseudogene) locus.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in brain (RPKM 24.2), small intestine (RPKM 22.4) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q42.13

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (228644647..228746669)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (228000475..228124580)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (228780394..228882416)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

SUMOylation of annexin A6 retards cell migration and tumor growth by suppressing RHOU/AKT1-involved EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: SUMOylation of annexin A6 retards cell migration and tumor growth by suppressing RHOU/AKT1-involved EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma.
RhoU forms homo-oligomers to regulate cellular responses.
Title: RhoU forms homo-oligomers to regulate cellular responses.
LncRNA SNHG16 promotes development of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by interacting with EIF4A3 and modulating RhoU mRNA stability.
Title: LncRNA SNHG16 promotes development of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by interacting with EIF4A3 and modulating RhoU mRNA stability.
Lipogenic signalling modulates prostate cancer cell adhesion and migration via modification of Rho GTPases.
Title: Lipogenic signalling modulates prostate cancer cell adhesion and migration via modification of Rho GTPases.
These results indicate CDK6 and RHOU play important roles in the invasiveness of NF-PAs, and the established diagnostic method is valuable for directing the clinical screening and postoperative treatment.
Title: Identification of CDK6 and RHOU in Serum Exosome as Biomarkers for the Invasiveness of Non-functioning Pituitary Adenoma.
RHOU expression is reduced in human colorectal tumour samples. RhoU knockdown in human DLD-1 colon cancer cells also elicits a higher growth index and reduces cell apoptosis.
Title: The atypical RhoU/Wrch1 Rho GTPase controls cell proliferation and apoptosis in the gut epithelium.
These results unravel a role for RhoU not only in regulating the migratory features of malignant plasma cells, but also in controlling cell cycle progression.
Title: The small GTPase RhoU lays downstream of JAK/STAT signaling and mediates cell migration in multiple myeloma.
This review addresses the developmental roles of 2 GTPases of the Rho family, RhoV/Chp and RhoU/Wrch.
Title: Atypical RhoV and RhoU GTPases control development of the neural crest.
PAK4 and RhoU cooperate to drive adhesion turnover and promote cell migration.
Title: PAK4 promotes kinase-independent stabilization of RhoU to modulate cell adhesion.
Data indicate that upregulated miR-126 upon coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection targets SPRED1, LRP6, and WRCH1 genes, mediating cross-talk between ERK1/2 and Wnt/beta-catenin pathways, and thus promoting viral replication.
Title: MiR-126 promotes coxsackievirus replication by mediating cross-talk of ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (21)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Common variants on 1p36 and 1q42 are associated with cutaneous basal cell carcinoma but not with melanoma or pigmentation traits. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association scan of dental caries in the permanent dentition. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study identifies a novel locus contributing to type 2 diabetes susceptibility in Sikhs of Punjabi origin from India. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Germline sequence variants in TGM3 and RGS22 confer risk of basal cell carcinoma. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Linkage and association of successful aging to the 6q25 region in large Amish kindreds. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association scans for genetic susceptibility to endometriosis in Japanese population. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Vif	vif	HIV-1 Vif downregulates the expression of ras homolog family member U (RHOU) in Vif-expression T cells	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

ARHU_1572 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277014

ARHU_v550 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277014

RH12492 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:41279

SHGC-23983 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:54868

D1S3637 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473950

AL009642 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:54512

G20757 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21500

A006F10 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21501

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Cdc42 protein signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in Rac protein signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in actin filament organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in endocytosis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in establishment of cell polarity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion	HMP more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell shape	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endosome membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in focal adhesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in podosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoU

Names: 2310026M05Rik; CDC42-like GTPase 1; GTP-binding protein SB128; GTP-binding protein like 1; Ryu GTPase; ras homolog gene family, member U; ras-like gene family member U; rho GTPase-like protein ARHU; wnt-1 responsive Cdc42 homolog 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_021205.6 → NP_067028.1 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoU

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067028.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the functional protein.

Source sequence(s)

AF211836, BC040076

Consensus CDS

CCDS1575.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B1AKN1, Q59FE9, Q7L0Q8, Q8TDQ2

Related

ENSP00000355652.3, ENST00000366691.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd04130
Location:50 → 222

Wrch_1; Wnt-1 responsive Cdc42 homolog (Wrch-1) is a Rho family GTPase similar to Cdc42