IK IK cytokine [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: IKprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: IK cytokineprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:5958
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000113141 MIM:600549; AllianceGenome:HGNC:5958
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: RED; RER; CSA2
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its RED repeat, a stretch of repeated arginine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues. The protein localizes to discrete dots within the nucleus, excluding the nucleolus. Its function is unknown. This gene maps to chromosome 5; however, a pseudogene may exist on chromosome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in testis (RPKM 59.6), bone marrow (RPKM 39.1) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q31.3

Exon count:: 20

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	5	NC_000005.10 (140647829..140662480)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	5	NC_060929.1 (141173235..141187876)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	5	NC_000005.9 (140027414..140042065)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

IK: A novel cell mitosis regulator that contributes to carcinogenesis.
Title: IK: A novel cell mitosis regulator that contributes to carcinogenesis.
Investigated and identified antiviral agents targeting the assembly of the human RED-SMU1 splicing complex, and results demonstrate possibility of RED-SMU1 destabilizing molecules to be used in antiviral therapy.
Title: Destabilization of the human RED-SMU1 splicing complex as a basis for host-directed antiinfluenza strategy.
Smu1 and RED function both as alternative splicing regulators and as general splicing factors and are required predominantly for efficient splicing of short introns.
Title: Smu1 and RED are required for activation of spliceosomal B complexes assembled on short introns.
IK inhibits Aurora B activation through recruiting PP2A into IK and Aurora B complex.
Title: IK-guided PP2A suppresses Aurora B activity in the interphase of tumor cells.
Data suggest an indirect radiosensitivity of hIK channels to low-dose photon irradiation with an impact on cell differentiation.
Title: Low-dose photon irradiation alters cell differentiation via activation of hIK channels.
Data suggest that two human spliceosomal factors, RED and SMU1, are recruited to control expression and alternative splicing of viral exportins via PB2 (polymerase PB2) of influenza A virus (H3N2) and are required for efficient viral multiplication.
Title: Recruitment of RED-SMU1 complex by Influenza A Virus RNA polymerase to control Viral mRNA splicing.
IK is an essential protein for achieving correct mitotic progress through the regulation of mitotic kinases and phosphatases
Title: Depletion of IK causes mitotic arrest through aberrant regulation of mitotic kinases and phosphatases.
RED is required for kinetochore localization of MAD1, mitotic progression, and activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint.
Title: RED, a spindle pole-associated protein, is required for kinetochore localization of MAD1, mitotic progression, and activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint.
IK gene expression is decreased in follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Title: Differential expression of a set of genes in follicular and classic variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: An approach based on a genome-wide association study reveals candidate loci for narcolepsy.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Rev	rev	HIV-1 Rev is identified to have a physical interaction with IK cytokine, down-regulator of HLA II (IK; RED) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D13S1216 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:154162

RH78886 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:31828

G19719 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37572

A001W31 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37573

D5S1760 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:8696

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization to kinetochore	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of U2-type precatalytic spliceosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
colocalizes_with mitotic spindle pole	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with nuclear chromosome	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in nuclear speck	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: protein Red

Names: IK cytokine, down-regulator of HLA II; IK factor; RD element; chondrosarcoma-associated protein 2; cytokine IK; prer protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.