RRAD RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inhibitor and calcium channel regulator [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RRADprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inhibitor and calcium channel regulatorprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:10446
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000166592 MIM:179503; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10446
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: RAD; RAD1; REM3
Summary: Predicted to enable GTP binding activity and calcium channel regulator activity. Predicted to be involved in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction. Predicted to be located in T-tubule. Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. Implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomarker of congestive heart failure. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in heart (RPKM 57.6), esophagus (RPKM 28.6) and 11 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16q22.1

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	16	NC_000016.10 (66921685..66925535, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	16	NC_060940.1 (72715985..72719835, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	16	NC_000016.9 (66955588..66959438, complement)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Friend or Foe: Regulation, Downstream Effectors of RRAD in Cancer.
Title: Friend or Foe: Regulation, Downstream Effectors of RRAD in Cancer.
Reconstitution of beta-adrenergic regulation of CaV1.2: Rad-dependent and Rad-independent protein kinase A mechanisms.
Title: Reconstitution of β-adrenergic regulation of Ca(V)1.2: Rad-dependent and Rad-independent protein kinase A mechanisms.
RRAD expression in gastric and colorectal cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Title: RRAD expression in gastric and colorectal cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
RRAD mutation causes electrical and cytoskeletal defects in cardiomyocytes derived from a familial case of Brugada syndrome.
Title: RRAD mutation causes electrical and cytoskeletal defects in cardiomyocytes derived from a familial case of Brugada syndrome.
this study established RRAD to be a biomarker as well as a novel negative regulator of cellular senescence.
Title: Pan-senescence transcriptome analysis identified RRAD as a marker and negative regulator of cellular senescence.
our study revealed that RRAD expression was decreased in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor tissues and predicted poor clinical outcome for HCC patients and played an important role in regulating aerobic glycolysis and cell invasion and metastasis and may represent potential targets for improving the treatment of HCC
Title: RRAD inhibits aerobic glycolysis, invasion, and migration and is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Data show that Ras-related associated with diabetes protein (RRAD) directly binds to the p65 subunit of the NF-kappa B (NF-kappaB)complex and inhibits the nuclear translocation of p65, which in turn negatively regulates the NF-kappaB signaling
Title: RRAD inhibits the Warburg effect through negative regulation of the NF-κB signaling.
Brg1 inhibits proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells by directly up-regulating RRAD in aortic dissection.
Title: Brahma-related gene 1 inhibits proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells by directly up-regulating Ras-related associated with diabetes in the pathophysiologic processes of aortic dissection.
RRAD promotes EGFR-mediated STAT3 activation and induces temozolomide resistance of malignant glioblastoma.
Title: RRAD promotes EGFR-mediated STAT3 activation and induces temozolomide resistance of malignant glioblastoma.
RRAD expression is frequently decreased in lung cancer. Ectopic expression of RRAD greatly reduces glycolysis whereas knockdown of RRAD promotes glycolysis in lung cancer cells.
Title: Tumor suppressor p53 negatively regulates glycolysis stimulated by hypoxia through its target RRAD.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (24)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RRAD__5528 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:463877

RH80345 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:88943

D16S324 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:147088

RH80791 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:91082

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables calcium channel regulator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables calmodulin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: GTP-binding protein RAD

Names: RAS (RAD and GEM) like GTP binding 3; RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inihibitor and calcium channel regulator; Ras-related associated with diabetes; ras associated with diabetes

NP_001122322.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_004156.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001128850.2 → NP_001122322.1 GTP-binding protein RAD

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001122322.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

BC057815

Consensus CDS

CCDS10824.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P55042, Q96F39

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A8K3J8

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd04148
Location:92 → 308

RGK; Rem, Rem2, Rad, Gem/Kir (RGK) subfamily of Ras GTPases

smart00173
Location:92 → 252

RAS; Ras subfamily of RAS small GTPases
NM_004165.3 → NP_004156.1 GTP-binding protein RAD

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004156.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice junction in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 both encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

BP257026, L24564, N93445

Consensus CDS

CCDS10824.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P55042, Q96F39

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A8K3J8

Related

ENSP00000299759.6, ENST00000299759.11

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd04148
Location:92 → 308

RGK; Rem, Rem2, Rad, Gem/Kir (RGK) subfamily of Ras GTPases

smart00173
Location:92 → 252

RAS; Ras subfamily of RAS small GTPases