Bhmt betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Bhmtprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:621496
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000011200 AllianceGenome:RGD:621496
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity and identical protein binding activity. Involved in methionine biosynthetic process and protein methylation. Located in cytosol and nucleus. Part of protein-containing complex. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in cerebral infarction and pulmonary embolism. Orthologous to human BHMT (betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Restricted expression toward (RPKM 11652.0) See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q12

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	2	NC_086020.1 (26594852..26614429, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	2	NC_051337.1 (24859871..24879449, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	2	NC_005101.4 (23236573..23256158, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_086020.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

the array of interactions of betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase in normal liver of Rattus norvegicus, were examined.
Title: Identification of hepatic protein-protein interaction targets for betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary Zn supply on homocysteine levels and expression of Methionine synthase and betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase in growing rats.
Title: Effects of zinc deficiency and zinc supplementation on homocysteine levels and related enzyme expression in rats.
BHMT expression is up-regulated in both liver and serum of alcohol-fed rats.
Title: Combined proteomic analysis of liver tissue and serum in chronically alcohol-fed rats.
Full-length (45 kDa) endogenous BHMT was found to be cleaved in an autophagy-dependent (3-methyladenine-sensitive) manner in isolated rat hepatocytes to generate a novel N-terminal 10-kDa fragment (p10), at the cleavage site of legumain.
Title: Autophagic activity measured in whole rat hepatocytes as the accumulation of a novel BHMT fragment (p10), generated in amphisomes by the asparaginyl proteinase, legumain.
gene cloning and expression analysis in liver cirrhosis
Title: Betaine homocysteine methyltransferase: gene cloning and expression analysis in rat liver cirrhosis.
data highlight the essential role of the C-terminal helix in dimer-dimer binding through its contribution to the increased stability shown by BHMT as compared with other TIM barrel proteins
Title: Rat liver betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase equilibrium unfolding: insights into intermediate structure through tryptophan substitutions.
Results describe the site-directed-mutagenesis of putative active-site residues in rat liver betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase.
Title: Active-site-mutagenesis study of rat liver betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase.
Data report the crystal structure of rat liver betaine homocysteine s-methyltransferase at 2.5A resolution.
Title: Crystal structure of rat liver betaine homocysteine s-methyltransferase reveals new oligomerization features and conformational changes upon substrate binding.
Osmotic regulation of BHMT may be part of a cell volume-regulatory response and additionally lead to metabolic alterations that depend on the availability of betaine-derived methyl groups.
Title: Osmotic regulation of betaine homocysteine-S-methyltransferase expression in H4IIE rat hepatoma cells.
Hepatic Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase expression was induced by feeding rats a Met (L-methionine)-restricted betaine-containing diet, and parameters of ApoB metabolism were evaluated.
Title: Hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein B production are increased following in vivo induction of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase.

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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein-containing complex binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in 'de novo' L-methionine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in 'de novo' L-methionine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in L-methionine salvage	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in L-methionine salvage	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in L-methionine salvage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in amino-acid betaine catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in amino-acid betaine metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in amino-acid betaine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in methionine biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within methionine biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in methylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein methylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular exosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of protein-containing complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1

Names: betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase

NP_110477.1

EC 2.1.1.5

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.