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    Mdk midkine [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

    Gene ID: 81517, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Mdkprovided by RGD
    Official Full Name
    midkineprovided by RGD
    Primary source
    RGD:69073
    See related
    EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000017560 AllianceGenome:RGD:69073
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Rattus norvegicus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
    Summary
    Predicted to enable glycosaminoglycan binding activity and growth factor activity. Involved in several processes, including adrenal gland development; response to glucocorticoid; and response to wounding. Located in cell projection. Used to study brain infarction and coronary stenosis. Biomarker of myocardial infarction. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in brain ischemia. Orthologous to human MDK (midkine). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in Uterus (RPKM 131.7), Lung (RPKM 67.0) and 9 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See Mdk in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3q24
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 3 NC_086021.1 (98356789..98358960, complement)
    RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 3 NC_051338.1 (77901134..77903997, complement)
    106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 3 NC_005102.4 (80841003..80843895, complement)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene harbinger transposase derived 1 Neighboring gene autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134486121 Neighboring gene cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 4 Neighboring gene ATP synthase membrane subunit c locus 1, pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene diacylglycerol kinase zeta Neighboring gene cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
    • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
    • BioProject: PRJNA238328
    • Publication: PMID 24510058
    • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables chondroitin sulfate binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables chondroitin sulfate binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables chondroitin sulfate binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables growth factor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables growth factor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables heparan sulfate binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables heparan sulfate binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables heparan sulfate binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables heparin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables heparin binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables heparin binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in T cell activation involved in immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in T cell activation involved in immune response ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in T cell activation involved in immune response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in adrenal gland development IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in behavioral fear response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in behavioral fear response ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in cell migration IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cerebellar granular layer development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cerebellar granular layer development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in cerebral cortex development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cerebral cortex development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in cytoskeleton organization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cytoskeleton organization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in cytoskeleton organization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in defecation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in defecation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in dentate gyrus development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in dentate gyrus development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in estrous cycle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in estrous cycle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in estrous cycle ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in glial cell projection elongation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in glial cell projection elongation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in glial cell projection elongation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in hippocampus development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cell adhesion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cell adhesion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of ossification IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of ossification ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of ossification ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in oogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in oogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in oogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of T cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of T cell differentiation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of T cell differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of artery morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of artery morphogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of artery morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel branching IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel branching ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel branching ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cartilage development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cartilage development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cartilage development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell adhesion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell adhesion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell division IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell migration ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell migration ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neuron migration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neuron migration ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neuron migration ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neuron projection development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neuron projection development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neuron projection development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of behavior IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of behavior ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of bone remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of bone remodeling ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of bone remodeling ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of chondrocyte differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of chondrocyte differentiation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of chondrocyte differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in response to auditory stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to auditory stimulus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in response to auditory stimulus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in response to glucocorticoid IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to hormone IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to wounding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to wounding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to wounding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in short-term memory IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in short-term memory ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in tissue regeneration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in tissue regeneration ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in tissue regeneration ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cell projection IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001413214.1NP_001400143.1  midkine precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000003
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9R1S9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8L2QJL0, A9UMV0
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000036207.5, ENSRNOT00000033978.5
    2. NM_030859.3NP_110486.1  midkine precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_110486.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000003
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9R1S9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8L2QJL0, A9UMV0
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00193
      Location:34113
      PTN; Pleiotrophin / midkine family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCr8

    Genomic

    1. NC_086021.1 Reference GRCr8

      Range
      98356789..98358960 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006234593.5XP_006234655.1  midkine isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006234655.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9R1S9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8L2QJL0, A9UMV0
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00193
      Location:34113
      PTN; Pleiotrophin / midkine family
    2. XM_063284611.1XP_063140681.1  midkine isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8L2QJL0