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    MKK4 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 841591, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    MKK4
    Official Full Name
    mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT1G51660
    Locus tag
    AT1G51660
    See related
    Araport:AT1G51660
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 4; ATMEK4; ATMKK4; F19C24.26; F19C24_26; MAP KINASE KINASE 4; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
    Summary
    Encodes a mitogen-activated map kinase kinase (there are nine in Arabidopsis) involved in innate immunity. This protein activates MPK3/MPK6 and early-defense genes redundantly with MKK5. In plants with both MKK5 and MKK6 levels reduced by RNAi plants, floral organs do not abscise suggestion a role for both proteins in mediating floral organ abscission.
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    Genomic context

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    See MKK4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    1
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (19154323..19156338)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene exocyst subunit exo70 family protein G2 Neighboring gene ATP synthase epsilon chain Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene 4-coumarate:CoA ligase 1 Neighboring gene protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003070.9

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Surviving the passage: Non-canonical stromal targeting of an Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase. Samuel MA, et al. Plant Signal Behav, 2008 Jan. PMID 19516975, Free PMC Article
    2. Regulation of floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cho SK, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2008 Oct 7. PMID 18809915, Free PMC Article
    3. Arabidopsis MKK4 mediates osmotic-stress response via its regulation of MPK3 activity. Kim SH, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2011 Aug 19. PMID 21806969
    4. Arabidopsis E3 ligase KEG associates with and ubiquitinates MKK4 and MKK5 to regulate plant immunity. Gao C, et al. J Integr Plant Biol, 2021 Feb. PMID 32877006
    5. Maternal control of embryogenesis by MPK6 and its upstream MKK4/MKK5 in Arabidopsis. Zhang M, et al. Plant J, 2017 Dec. PMID 29024034

    See all (24) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Arabidopsis E3 ligase KEG associates with and ubiquitinates MKK4 and MKK5 to regulate plant immunity.
      Title: Arabidopsis E3 ligase KEG associates with and ubiquitinates MKK4 and MKK5 to regulate plant immunity.
    2. The Arabidopsis MKK4/MKK5-MPK6 cascade is an important player in the maternal control of embryogenesis.
      Title: Maternal control of embryogenesis by MPK6 and its upstream MKK4/MKK5 in Arabidopsis.
    3. MKK4, MKK5, MKK7, and MKK9, are responsible for the activation of MPK3 and MPK6 by melatonin, indicating that melatonin-mediated innate immunity is triggered by MAPK signaling through MKK4/5/7/9-MPK3/6 cascades.
      Title: Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are required for melatonin-mediated defense responses in plants.
    4. our data indicate that EDR1 physically associates with MKK4/MKK5 and negatively regulates the MAPK cascade to fine-tune plant innate immunity.
      Title: EDR1 physically interacts with MKK4/MKK5 and negatively regulates a MAP kinase cascade to modulate plant innate immunity.
    5. Results suggest that the YDA-MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6 cascade functions downstream of the ER receptor in regulating localized cell proliferation, which further shapes the morphology of plant organs.
      Title: A MAPK cascade downstream of ERECTA receptor-like protein kinase regulates Arabidopsis inflorescence architecture by promoting localized cell proliferation.
    6. MKK4 is involved in the osmotic-stress response via its regulation of MPK3 activity.
      Title: Arabidopsis MKK4 mediates osmotic-stress response via its regulation of MPK3 activity.
    7. MKK4 is a key regulator of stomatal development and patterning.
      Title: Stomatal development and patterning are regulated by environmentally responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases in Arabidopsis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_104044.3

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables MAP kinase kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables MAP kinase kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables MAP kinase kinase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within MAPK cascade IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within MAPK cascade ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response to other organism IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within floral organ abscission IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within inflorescence development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within pollen-pistil interaction IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal complex development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal complex patterning IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chloroplast stroma IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm HDA PubMed 
    located_in nucleus HDA PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
    NP_175577.1
    • mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase, ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441), Protein kinase, catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719), Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290), Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (InterPro:IPR008271); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: MAP kinase kinase 5 (TAIR:AT3G21220.1); Has 131204 Blast hits to 129616 proteins in 4868 species: Archae - 124; Bacteria - 15116; Metazoa - 48947; Fungi - 12685; Plants - 32504; Viruses - 535; Other Eukaryotes - 21293 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

      Range
      19154323..19156338
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_104044.3 → NP_175577.1  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_175577.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O80397
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178WCC0, A0A5S9WQV9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PLN00034
      Location:1 → 350
      PLN00034; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; Provisional
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O80397.1

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