Hem HEM-protein [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Hemprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: HEM-proteinprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0011771
Locus tag: Dmel_CG5837
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0011771
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG5837; dhem; dhem-2; Dmel\CG5837; dNap; dNAP; HEM; Hem1; kette; Kette; Kette/Nap1; kte; l(3)03335; Nap; Nap1
Summary: Involved in several processes, including chaeta morphogenesis; myoblast fusion; and nervous system development. Part of SCAR complex. Is active in neuromuscular junction. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; ganglia; germline cell; neuroblasts; and tract. Used to study developmental disorder of mental health. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in immunodeficiency 72. Orthologous to several human genes including NCKAP1 (NCK associated protein 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 79D4-79D4; 3-47 cM

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (22284354..22288195, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (22277454..22281295, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Kette controls the ratio of the Arp2/3 activators Scar and WASp in fusion-competent myoblasts.
Title: Drosophila Kette coordinates myoblast junction dissolution and the ratio of Scar-to-WASp during myoblast fusion.
During the degradation of WAVE, Hem function is opposite to that of and downstream of Abl.
Title: The Hem protein mediates neuronal migration by inhibiting WAVE degradation and functions opposite of Abelson tyrosine kinase.
Results establish that PTP61F and dAbl ensure proper actin organization through the coordinated and reversible tyrosine phosphorylation of Kette.
Title: Organization of F-actin via concerted regulation of Kette by PTP61F and dAbl.
kette interacts genetically with blown fuse (blow) which is known to be required to proceed from prefusion complexes to the formation of the electron dense plaques
Title: kette and blown fuse interact genetically during the second fusion step of myogenesis in Drosophila.
Data suggest a model where Kette fulfils a novel role in regulating F-actin organization by antagonizing Wave and activating Wasp-dependent actin polymerization.
Title: Kette regulates actin dynamics and genetically interacts with Wave and Wasp.
Sra-1 function is mediated through kette. These stabilize each other and directly control the regulation of the cytoskeleton.
Title: Sra-1 interacts with Kette and Wasp and is required for neuronal and bristle development in Drosophila.
SCAR is regulated by Abi, Kette, and Sra1, which may help to ensure that Arp2/3 activation and the generation of actin-based protrusions remain strictly dependant on local GTPase signaling
Title: Abi, Sra1, and Kette control the stability and localization of SCAR/WAVE to regulate the formation of actin-based protrusions.
Kette antagonizes WASP function during myoblast fusion.
Title: The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) is essential for myoblast fusion in Drosophila.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in axonogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell adhesion mediated by integrin	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell migration	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell morphogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell projection assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell projection assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in central nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chaeta morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in myoblast fusion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuromuscular junction development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron projection morphogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of cell shape	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of synapse organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of synapse organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of SCAR complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of SCAR complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of SCAR complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
is_active_in neuromuscular junction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in neuromuscular junction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed