trx trithorax [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: trxprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: trithoraxprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0003862
Locus tag: Dmel_CG8651
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003862
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: 4720; 4733; CG8651; Dmel\CG8651; DMTRXIII; l(3)bx[v]; l(3)j14A6; l(3)j3A2; l(3)s5452; NR0A5; R-bx; Rg-bx; tqrx; Trx; TrX; TRX; Trx-C; trx-g; Trx-G; Trx/MLL; trxG; TrxG; trxI and trxII
Summary: Enables several functions, including protein homodimerization activity; protein methyltransferase activity; and protein phosphatase 1 binding activity. Involved in several processes, including germ cell migration; haltere development; and positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. Located in nucleus and polytene chromosome band. Part of MLL1/2 complex; histone acetyltransferase complex; and transcription elongation factor complex. Is expressed in several structures, including epithelium; ganglia; gut section; head epidermis primordium; and imaginal disc. Used to study congenital heart disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder; cervical cancer; dystonia 28, childhood-onset; gastrointestinal system cancer (multiple); and hematologic cancer (multiple). Orthologous to human KMT2A (lysine methyltransferase 2A) and KMT2B (lysine methyltransferase 2B). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 88B1-88B1; 3-55 cM

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (14263358..14286903, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (10089080..10112625, complement)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Distinct Roles for COMPASS Core Subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in the Epigenetic Regulation of Drosophila Heart Development.
Title: Distinct Roles for COMPASS Core Subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr in the Epigenetic Regulation of Drosophila Heart Development.
Dynamic Competition of Polycomb and Trithorax in Transcriptional Programming.
Title: Dynamic Competition of Polycomb and Trithorax in Transcriptional Programming.
Trx, Ash1, and CBP proteins are required for the correct chromosome segregation and that Ash1 and CBP mediate for Cid/CENP-A recruitment at centromeres through post-translational histone modifications.
Title: A role of the Trx-G complex in Cid/CENP-A deposition at Drosophila melanogaster centromeres.
Trx and Grx have both, common and specific protein Cys redox targets and that down regulation of either redoxin has markedly different metabolic outcomes. They reflect the delicate sensitivity of redox equilibrium to changes in any of the elements involved and the difficulty of forecasting metabolic responses to redox environmental changes.
Title: Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin regulate metabolism through different multiplex thiol switches.
Mrg15 is a subunit of the Ash1 complex, a stimulator of Ash1 enzymatic activity and a critical regulator of the TrxG protein function of Ash1 in Drosophila.
Title: Mrg15 stimulates Ash1 H3K36 methyltransferase activity and facilitates Ash1 Trithorax group protein function in Drosophila.
we demonstrate that the evolutionary conserved Lim3 core promoter provides basic Lim3 expression, whereas structural changes in the Lim3 PRE of distal promoter provide stage-, and tissue-specific Lim3 expression. Therefore, we hypothesize that PcG/TrxG proteins, which are directly involved in Lim3 transcription regulation, participate in lifespan control.
Title: Polycomb/Trithorax group-dependent regulation of the neuronal gene Lim3 involved in Drosophila lifespan control.
Control of the gene activity by polycomb and trithorax group proteins in Drosophila
Title: [Control of the gene activity by polycomb and trithorax group proteins in Drosophila].
Taken together, these data indicate that Atrophin is a major Trithorax-like cofactor that functions to moderate developmental gene transcription.
Title: Atrophin controls developmental signaling pathways via interactions with Trithorax-like.
Trithorax positively regulates gene expression in Drosophila and co-occupies PREs to antagonize Polycomb-dependent silencing. Trx-dependent H3K4 dimethylation (H3K4me2) marks Drosophila PREs and maintains the developmental expression pattern of nearby genes.
Title: An Evolutionary Conserved Epigenetic Mark of Polycomb Response Elements Implemented by Trx/MLL/COMPASS.
If ASH1 or TRX function is lost or reduced, heterochromatin can spread into these domains creating a sink that diverts heterochromatic proteins from other variegating locations, which then may express a suppressed phenotype.
Title: Mutations in ash1 and trx enhance P-element-dependent silencing in Drosophila melanogaster.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (32)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Dm0096 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:35264

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables chromatin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein homodimerization activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein phosphatase 1 binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein-cysteine methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in chromatin organization	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in eye development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in germ cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in germ cell migration	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in haltere development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in heart development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of MLL1/2 complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of histone acetyltransferase complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of histone methyltransferase complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of histone methyltransferase complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of histone methyltransferase complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in polytene chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in polytene chromosome band	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription elongation factor complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: trithorax

Names: CG8651-PA; CG8651-PB; CG8651-PC; CG8651-PD; CG8651-PE; regulator of bithorax; trx-PA; trx-PB; trx-PC; trx-PD; trx-PE

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

14263358..14286903 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_134281.2 → NP_599108.1 trithorax, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_599108.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P20659

Related

FBpp0082408

Conserved Domains (8) summary

smart00542
Location:3020 → 3108

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00249
Location:978 → 1022

PHD; PHD zinc finger

smart00317
Location:3222 → 3342

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

cd15506
Location:900 → 976

PHD1_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 1 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15508
Location:1055 → 1111

PHD3_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 3 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15664
Location:1369 → 1473

ePHD_KMT2A_like; Extended PHD finger found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

pfam05964
Location:1523 → 1567

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus

cl02596
Location:394 → 488

NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
NM_057421.3 → NP_476769.1 trithorax, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476769.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V2V9, A4V2W0, P20659, Q27255, Q27327, Q8INF9, Q960R2, Q9VFL1

Related

FBpp0082409

Conserved Domains (8) summary

smart00542
Location:3388 → 3476

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00249
Location:1346 → 1390

PHD; PHD zinc finger

smart00317
Location:3590 → 3710

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

cd15506
Location:1268 → 1344

PHD1_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 1 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15508
Location:1423 → 1479

PHD3_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 3 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15664
Location:1737 → 1841

ePHD_KMT2A_like; Extended PHD finger found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

pfam05964
Location:1891 → 1935

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus

cl02596
Location:762 → 856

NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
NM_057422.3 → NP_476770.1 trithorax, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476770.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P20659

Related

FBpp0082407

Conserved Domains (8) summary

smart00542
Location:3020 → 3108

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00249
Location:978 → 1022

PHD; PHD zinc finger

smart00317
Location:3222 → 3342

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

cd15506
Location:900 → 976

PHD1_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 1 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15508
Location:1055 → 1111

PHD3_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 3 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15664
Location:1369 → 1473

ePHD_KMT2A_like; Extended PHD finger found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

pfam05964
Location:1523 → 1567

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus

cl02596
Location:394 → 488

NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
NM_134282.2 → NP_599109.1 trithorax, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_599109.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V2V9, A4V2W0, P20659, Q27255, Q27327, Q8INF9, Q960R2, Q9VFL1

Related

FBpp0082406

Conserved Domains (8) summary

smart00542
Location:3388 → 3476

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00249
Location:1346 → 1390

PHD; PHD zinc finger

smart00317
Location:3590 → 3710

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

cd15506
Location:1268 → 1344

PHD1_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 1 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15508
Location:1423 → 1479

PHD3_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 3 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15664
Location:1737 → 1841

ePHD_KMT2A_like; Extended PHD finger found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

pfam05964
Location:1891 → 1935

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus

cl02596
Location:762 → 856

NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
NM_001014621.2 → NP_001014621.1 trithorax, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001014621.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P20659

Conserved Domains (8) summary

smart00542
Location:3020 → 3108

FYRC; FY-rich domain, C-terminal region

smart00249
Location:978 → 1022

PHD; PHD zinc finger

smart00317
Location:3222 → 3342

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

cd15506
Location:900 → 976

PHD1_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 1 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15508
Location:1055 → 1111

PHD3_KMT2A_like; PHD finger 3 found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

cd15664
Location:1369 → 1473

ePHD_KMT2A_like; Extended PHD finger found in histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) and 2B (KMT2B)

pfam05964
Location:1523 → 1567

FYRN; F/Y-rich N-terminus

cl02596
Location:394 → 488

NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers