Enpp2 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Enpp2provided by RGD
Official Full Name: ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:69298
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000004089 AllianceGenome:RGD:69298
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables lysophospholipase activity; metal ion binding activity; and phosphoric diester hydrolase activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to estradiol stimulus; estrous cycle; and regulation of cell-substrate adhesion. Located in extracellular space. Orthologous to human ENPP2 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 623.6), Liver (RPKM 311.4) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 7q32

Exon count:: 29

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	7	NC_086025.1 (88092140..88214758, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	7	NC_051342.1 (86202345..86325050, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	7	NC_005106.4 (94479931..94563086, complement)

Chromosome 7 - NC_086025.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Immunohistochemical evaluation of autotaxin and lubricin in mild osteoarthritic rat model performing moderate physical activity.
Title: Immunohistochemical evaluation of autotaxin and lubricin in mild osteoarthritic rat model performing moderate physical activity.
ENPP2 protects cardiomyocytes from ferroptosis.
Title: ENPP2 protects cardiomyocytes from erastin-induced ferroptosis.
The effects of gamma radiation on mRNA levels of autotaxin and 14 inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue and the consequences for radiation therapy and chemotherapy are discussed.
Title: Implications for breast cancer treatment from increased autotaxin production in adipose tissue after radiotherapy.
This study demonstrated that reduction of the Enpp2 mRNA expression in hippocampus of thyroidectomized Wistar rats.
Title: Antidepressant behavior in thyroidectomized Wistar rats is induced by hippocampal hypothyroidism.
Data show that bile salts bind autotaxin (ATX) and inhibit lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production.
Title: Steroid binding to Autotaxin links bile salts and lysophosphatidic acid signalling.
These findings identify ATX and LPA2 as radiation-regulated genes that appear to play a physiological role in DNA repair.
Title: The autotaxin-LPA2 GPCR axis is modulated by γ-irradiation and facilitates DNA damage repair.
This study characterizes the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid signaling axis as a modulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation
Title: The Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidic Acid Axis Modulates Histone Acetylation and Gene Expression during Oligodendrocyte Differentiation.
Our findings suggest that ATX-AGK-LPA signaling axis might be an important player in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Title: Expression of lysophosphatidic acid, autotaxin and acylglycerol kinase as biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy.
A physical interaction between autotaxin (ATX) and P2Y12 receptor provides the basis for an ATX-MORFO-P2Y12 signaling axis crucial for cellular function.
Title: P2Y12 receptor expression is a critical determinant of functional responsiveness to ATX's MORFO domain.
Exocrine pancreatic carcinogenesis shows autotaxin expression
Title: Exocrine pancreatic carcinogenesis and autotaxin expression.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (26)

General gene information

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Markers

Enpp2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:472849

RH133318 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:216601

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables calcium ion binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables calcium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables calcium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables calcium ion binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables lysophospholipase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables lysophospholipase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables lysophospholipase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables lysophospholipase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nucleic acid binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables phosphodiesterase I activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables phosphodiesterase I activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables phospholipase D activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables polysaccharide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables scavenger receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables zinc ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables zinc ion binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell chemotaxis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to cadmium ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to estradiol stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in estrous cycle	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in estrous cycle	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell-matrix adhesion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylcholine catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in phosphatidylcholine catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphatidylcholine catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in phosphatidylcholine catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in phospholipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within phospholipid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium morphogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to polycyclic arene	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in sphingolipid catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in sphingolipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in sphingolipid catabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in vesicle-mediated transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: autotaxin; ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2

Names: E-NPP 2; extracellular lysophospholipase D; lysoPLD; phosphodiesterase I/nucleotide pyrophosphatase 2 (autotaxin)

NP_476445.2

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_038935904.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_038935906.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_038935907.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_038935908.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120393.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120394.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120395.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120396.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120397.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120398.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120399.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120400.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120401.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

XP_063120402.1

EC 3.1.4.39

EC 3.1.4.4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057104.3 → NP_476445.2 autotaxin

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476445.2

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000007

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HRG3, D3ZES5

Related

ENSRNOP00000076476.2, ENSRNOT00000101657.2

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00201
Location:56 → 97

SO; Somatomedin B -like domains

smart00477
Location:614 → 844

NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease

pfam01663
Location:165 → 477

Phosphodiest; Type I phosphodiesterase / nucleotide pyrophosphatase

cd16018
Location:163 → 517

Enpp; Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase, also called autotaxin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086025.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

88092140..88214758 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_063264324.1 → XP_063120394.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X4
XM_063264323.1 → XP_063120393.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X2
XM_039079978.2 → XP_038935906.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HRG2, D3ZES5

Related

ENSRNOP00000005561.8, ENSRNOT00000005561.8

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00201
Location:117 → 158

SO; Somatomedin B -like domains

smart00477
Location:675 → 905

NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease

pfam01663
Location:226 → 538

Phosphodiest; Type I phosphodiesterase / nucleotide pyrophosphatase
XM_039079976.2 → XP_038935904.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

D3ZES5

Related

ENSRNOP00000109145.1, ENSRNOT00000136044.1

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00201
Location:117 → 158

SO; Somatomedin B -like domains

smart00477
Location:700 → 930

NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease

pfam01663
Location:226 → 538

Phosphodiest; Type I phosphodiesterase / nucleotide pyrophosphatase
XM_063264326.1 → XP_063120396.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X6

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q64610, Q66HQ0

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HRG5

Related

ENSRNOP00000047118.5, ENSRNOT00000051139.7
XM_063264328.1 → XP_063120398.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X8
XM_063264325.1 → XP_063120395.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X5
XM_063264327.1 → XP_063120397.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X7
XM_063264329.1 → XP_063120399.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X9
XM_039079980.2 → XP_038935908.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X12

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

D3ZES5

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00201
Location:56 → 97

SO; Somatomedin B -like domains

smart00477
Location:662 → 892

NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease

pfam01663
Location:165 → 529

Phosphodiest; Type I phosphodiesterase / nucleotide pyrophosphatase
XM_039079979.2 → XP_038935907.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X11

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8I6ADH1, D3ZES5

Related

ENSRNOP00000090400.1, ENSRNOT00000118544.2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00201
Location:56 → 97

SO; Somatomedin B -like domains

smart00477
Location:666 → 896

NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease

pfam01663
Location:165 → 529

Phosphodiest; Type I phosphodiesterase / nucleotide pyrophosphatase
XM_063264330.1 → XP_063120400.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X10
XM_063264332.1 → XP_063120402.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X14
XM_063264331.1 → XP_063120401.1 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 isoform X13