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    ARPC4 actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 10093, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    ARPC4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:707
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000241553 MIM:604226; AllianceGenome:HGNC:707
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ARC20; DEVLO; P20-ARC
    Summary
    This gene encodes one of seven subunits of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. This complex controls actin polymerization in cells and has been conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution. This gene encodes the p20 subunit, which is necessary for actin nucleation and high-affinity binding to F-actin. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Naturally occurring read-through transcription exists between this gene and the downstream tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 3 (TTLL3), which results in the production of a fusion protein. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 63.0), appendix (RPKM 61.6) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See ARPC4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3p25.3
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (9792518..9807101)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (9784472..9799053)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (9834202..9848785)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14038 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14039 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9773975-9774534 Neighboring gene bromodomain and PHD finger containing 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19406 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19407 Neighboring gene 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase Neighboring gene calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase I Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14040 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4794 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14041 Neighboring gene transcriptional adaptor 3 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9832484-9832984 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9834089-9834615 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14042 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9834616-9835142 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19409 Neighboring gene ARPC4-TTLL3 readthrough Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19410 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14044 Neighboring gene tubulin tyrosine ligase like 3 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:9866222-9866442 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9867034-9867534 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9867535-9868035 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9868869-9869369 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:9876763-9877262 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19411 Neighboring gene RNA pseudouridine synthase D3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Silencing of the ARP2/3 complex disturbs pancreatic cancer cell migration. Rauhala HE, et al. Anticancer Res, 2013 Jan. PMID 23267127
    2. Molecular dynamics simulations of Arp2/3 complex activation. Dalhaimer P, et al. Biophys J, 2010 Oct 20. PMID 20959098, Free PMC Article
    3. ARPC4 promotes bladder cancer cell invasion and is associated with lymph node metastasis. Xu N, et al. J Cell Biochem, 2020 Jan. PMID 31190401
    4. Molecular dynamics simulation and coarse-grained analysis of the Arp2/3 complex. Pfaendtner J, et al. Biophys J, 2008 Dec. PMID 18805923, Free PMC Article
    5. Expression of the ARPC4 subunit of human Arp2/3 severely affects mycobacterium tuberculosis growth and suppresses immunogenic response in murine macrophages. Ghosh A, et al. PLoS One, 2013. PMID 23894563, Free PMC Article

    See all (132) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. ARPC4 promotes bladder cancer cell invasion and is associated with lymph node metastasis.
      Title: ARPC4 promotes bladder cancer cell invasion and is associated with lymph node metastasis.
    2. Expression of the ARPC4 severely affects mycobacterium tuberculosis growth and suppresses immunogenic response in murine macrophages
      Title: Expression of the ARPC4 subunit of human Arp2/3 severely affects mycobacterium tuberculosis growth and suppresses immunogenic response in murine macrophages.
    3. we show cell line-specific differences in ARP2/3 complex subunit dependency on cell migratory potential, and suggest ARPC4 to be one of the key members of the ARP2/3 complex in pancreatic cancer.
      Title: Silencing of the ARP2/3 complex disturbs pancreatic cancer cell migration.
    4. We show that coronin 3 similar to other coronins interacts with the Arp2/3-complex and cofilin indicating that this family in general is involved in regulating Arp2/3-mediated events.
      Title: Coronin 3 involvement in F-actin-dependent processes at the cell cortex.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Developmental delay, language impairment, and ocular abnormalities
    MedGen: C5774262 OMIM: 620141 GeneReviews: Not available
    		not available

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis identify 20kDa subunit 4 of actin related protein 2/3 complex (ARPC4), HIV-1 Gag, Gag/Pol, gp120, and Nef incorporated into staufen1 RNP complexes isolated from HIV-1-expressing cells PubMed
    Gag-Pol gag-pol Tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis identify 20kDa subunit 4 of actin related protein 2/3 complex (ARPC4), HIV-1 Gag, Gag/Pol, gp120, and Nef incorporated into staufen1 RNP complexes isolated from HIV-1-expressing cells PubMed
    Nef nef Tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis identify 20kDa subunit 4 of actin related protein 2/3 complex (ARPC4), HIV-1 Gag, Gag/Pol, gp120, and Nef incorporated into staufen1 RNP complexes isolated from HIV-1-expressing cells PubMed
    Pr55(Gag) gag Tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis identify 20kDa subunit 4 of actin related protein 2/3 complex (ARPC4), HIV-1 Gag, Gag/Pol, gp120, and Nef incorporated into staufen1 RNP complexes isolated from HIV-1-expressing cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Readthrough ARPC4-TTLL3

    Readthrough gene: ARPC4-TTLL3, Included gene: TTLL3

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC13544

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    contributes_to actin filament binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    contributes_to actin filament binding NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables enzyme binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    contributes_to protein-macromolecule adaptor activity IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in actin filament polymerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in actin nucleation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of Arp2/3 protein complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of Arp2/3 protein complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of Arp2/3 protein complex TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cell projection IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    located_in site of double-strand break ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4
    Names
    actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 4, 20kDa
    arp2/3 complex 20 kDa subunit
    arp2/3 protein complex subunit p20

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001024959.3 → NP_001020130.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform b

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001020130.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region and uses a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Both variants 2 and 3 encode isoform b.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC022382, AI612891, BQ688329, DB060690
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46743.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P59998
      Related
      ENSP00000432235.1, ENST00000498623.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl05433
      Location:1 → 76
      ARPC4; ARP2/3 complex 20 kDa subunit (ARPC4)

    2. NM_001024960.3 → NP_001020131.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform b

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001020131.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region and uses a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Both variants 2 and 3 encode isoform b.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC022382, AI612891, BG938423
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46743.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P59998
      Related
      ENSP00000473435.1, ENST00000485273.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl05433
      Location:1 → 76
      ARPC4; ARP2/3 complex 20 kDa subunit (ARPC4)

    3. NM_001198780.3 → NP_001185709.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform c

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001185709.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c) is longer than isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC022382, AI612891, BX419672
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56238.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F8WCF6
      Related
      ENSP00000388169.1, ENST00000433034.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam05856
      Location:21 → 185
      ARPC4; ARP2/3 complex 20 kDa subunit (ARPC4)

    4. NM_005718.5 → NP_005709.1  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 isoform a

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005709.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC022382, AF006087, AI612891, DA909066
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43047.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      C9JWM7, E7ETI0, F6TTL5, O15509, P59998, Q6P0W5, Q96QJ3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F8WCF6
      Related
      ENSP00000380431.2, ENST00000397261.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam05856
      Location:1 → 166
      ARPC4; ARP2/3 complex 20 kDa subunit (ARPC4)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      9792518..9807101
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      9784472..9799053
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P59998.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P59998

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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