msl-3 male-specific lethal 3 [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: msl-3provided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: male-specific lethal 3provided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0002775
Locus tag: Dmel_CG8631
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0002775
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG8631; Dmel\CG8631; DmMsl-3; mle(3)132; mle3; mls3; msl; MSL; Msl 1-3; MSL-3; msl3; Msl3; MSL3; MSL3_DROME
Summary: Enables several functions, including histone reader activity; lncRNA binding activity; and methylated histone binding activity. Involved in dosage compensation by hyperactivation of X chromosome; oocyte development; and regulation of hemocyte proliferation. Located in chromocenter and chromosome. Part of MSL complex and X chromosome located dosage compensation complex, transcription activating. Is expressed in organism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Basilicata-Akhtar syndrome. Orthologous to several human genes including MSL3 (MSL complex subunit 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 65E4-65E4; 3-19 cM

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (7123213..7125533, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (7116313..7118633, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Msl3 promotes germline stem cell differentiation in female Drosophila.
Title: Msl3 promotes germline stem cell differentiation in female Drosophila.
MSL3 plays an important role in targeting the male specific lethal complex to chromatin in both humans and flies by binding to H4K20Me(1).
Title: Structural and biochemical studies on the chromo-barrel domain of male specific lethal 3 (MSL3) reveal a binding preference for mono- or dimethyllysine 20 on histone H4.
A DNA-dependent interaction of MSL3 chromodomain with the H4 lysine20 monomethyl mark, was discovered.
Title: Corecognition of DNA and a methylated histone tail by the MSL3 chromodomain.
Localization to the male X chromosome and transcriptional upregulation of X-linked genes are two separable functions of the MSL-3 protein.
Title: X-chromosome targeting and dosage compensation are mediated by distinct domains in MSL-3.
Using ChIP-chip analysis, the authors find that MSL3 chromodomain mutants retain binding to chromatin entry sites but show a clear disruption in the full pattern of MSL targeting in vivo, consistent with a loss of spreading.
Title: The MSL3 chromodomain directs a key targeting step for dosage compensation of the Drosophila melanogaster X chromosome.
These results provide strong evidence for both sequence-dependent and -independent steps in MSL targeting of dosage compensation to the male X chromosome.
Title: A sequence motif within chromatin entry sites directs MSL establishment on the Drosophila X chromosome.
Results suggest that the MSL complex (including MSL-1, -2, and -3) uses high-affinity sites to initially recognize the X chromosome and then associates with many of its targets through sequence-independent features of transcribed genes.
Title: MSL complex is attracted to genes marked by H3K36 trimethylation using a sequence-independent mechanism.
The roX1 and roX2 genes produce redundant, male-specific lethal transcripts required for targeting the MSL complex.
Title: The roX genes encode redundant male-specific lethal transcripts required for targeting of the MSL complex.
Nucleic acid binding determinants in the N terminus of MSL3 form an integrated domain which is required for interaction with MSL1 and localisation to X-chromosome.
Title: The MRG domain mediates the functional integration of MSL3 into the dosage compensation complex.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables RNA binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables chromatin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables chromatin binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables histone reader activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables lncRNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables methylated histone binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in chromatin organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in chromatin organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dosage compensation by hyperactivation of X chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in dosage compensation by hyperactivation of X chromosome	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in dosage compensation by hyperactivation of X chromosome	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in germ cell development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in oocyte development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of hemocyte proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sex-chromosome dosage compensation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sex-chromosome dosage compensation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of MSL complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of MSL complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of MSL complex	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
part_of NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in X chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in X chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of X chromosome located dosage compensation complex, transcription activating	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of X chromosome located dosage compensation complex, transcription activating	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in chromocenter	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nuclear chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in polytene chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed