cat-2 Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family profile domain-containing protein;Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [Caenorhabditis elegans] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: cat-2
Official Full Name: Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family profile domain-containing protein;Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
Primary source: WormBase:WBGene00000296
Locus tag: CELE_B0432.5
See related: AllianceGenome:WB:WBGene00000296
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans (strain: Bristol N2)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida; Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae; Caenorhabditis
Summary: Enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to amphetamine; dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine; and male mating behavior. Located in axon. Is expressed in dopaminergic neurons; socket cell; and in male. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Parkinson's disease; Parkinsonism; heroin dependence; hypertension; and obesity. Orthologous to human TH (tyrosine hydroxylase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
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Genomic context

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See cat-2 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: II

Exon count:: 9

Sequence:: Chromosome: II; NC_003280.10 (257819..261074)

Chromosome II - NC_003280.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003280.10

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Knocking-down of cat-2 led to increase in aggregation of alpha synuclein; the silencing of cat-2 had significant effects on associated endpoints including oxidative stress, lipid content and neurotransmission.
Title: RNAi of cat-2, a putative tyrosine hydroxylase, increases alpha synuclein aggregation and associated effects in transgenic C. elegans.
These data suggest that the intricate regulation characteristic of mammalian TH might have evolved from more simple models to adjust to the increasing complexity of the higher eukaryotes neuroendocrine systems.
Title: Divergence in enzyme regulation between Caenorhabditis elegans and human tyrosine hydroxylase, the key enzyme in the synthesis of dopamine.

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Pathways from PubChem

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General gene information

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Markers

B0432.5 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:308388

Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by WormBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables iron ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables monooxygenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in aromatic amino acid metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in catecholamine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to amphetamine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in habituation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mechanosensory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of male mating behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of locomotion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to food	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in spicule insertion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in turning behavior involved in mating	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in axon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in axon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in perikaryon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family profile domain-containing protein;Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

NP_001254009.1

Partially confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293483.1

Partially confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001370901.1

Partially confirmed by transcript evidence

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003280.10 Reference assembly

Range

257819..261074

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001306554.2 → NP_001293483.1 Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family profile domain-containing protein [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293483.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

S6FN11

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00351
Location:187 → 514

Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase
NM_001383774.1 → NP_001370901.1 Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

S6FWP9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl01244
Location:117 → 444

arom_aa_hydroxylase; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase; a family of non-heme, iron(II)-dependent enzymes that includes prokaryotic and eukaryotic phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase (PheOH), eukaryotic tyrosine hydroxylase (TyrOH) and eukaryotic tryptophan ...
NM_001267080.3 → NP_001254009.1 Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001254009.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

E7EM31, F2WZ21, P90986, Q5R3Y3, Q5R3Y4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

TIGR01268
Location:121 → 514

Phe4hydrox_tetr; phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase, tetrameric form

pfam00351
Location:182 → 509

Biopterin_H; Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase