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    GP ALPHA 1 G protein alpha subunit 1 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 817170, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    GP ALPHA 1
    Official Full Name
    G protein alpha subunit 1
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT2G26300
    Locus tag
    AT2G26300
    See related
    Araport:AT2G26300
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT 1; ATGPA1; G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT; G protein alpha subunit 1; G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT 1; GPA1; T1D16.6; T1D16_6
    Summary
    Encodes an alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein. The active GTP-bound form of GPA1 binds to the GTG1 and GTG2 abscisic acid (ABA) receptors and appears to affect their GTPase and GTP-binding activity, and hence, ABA binding abilities. GPA1 is a positive regulator in ABA-mediated inhibition of stomatal opening. Plants with recessive mutant alleles have complex phenotypes including: reduced brassinolide response, reduced cell divisions, round leaves, short hypocotyls. It is likely to be involved in the signaling events that trigger unfolded protein response-associated cell death. GPA1 is also involved in sugar signaling.
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    Genomic context

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    See GP ALPHA 1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 2
    Exon count:
    14
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (11196996..11201102)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene BRCT domain DNA repair protein Neighboring gene CTC-interacting domain 7 Neighboring gene root-specific kinase 1 Neighboring gene Chalcone-flavanone isomerase family protein Neighboring gene AGAMOUS-like 33

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003071.7

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Role and interrelationship of Gα protein, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide in ultraviolet B-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis leaves. He JM, et al. Plant Physiol, 2013 Mar. PMID 23341360, Free PMC Article
    2. Heterotrimeric G-protein regulation of ROS signalling and calcium currents in Arabidopsis guard cells. Zhang W, et al. J Exp Bot, 2011 Apr. PMID 21262908
    3. The crystal structure of a self-activating G protein alpha subunit reveals its distinct mechanism of signal initiation. Jones JC, et al. Sci Signal, 2011 Feb 8. PMID 21304159, Free PMC Article
    4. The alpha-subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein affects jasmonate responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Okamoto H, et al. J Exp Bot, 2009. PMID 19342430, Free PMC Article
    5. Loss-of-function mutations in the Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunit enhance the developmental defects of brassinosteroid signaling and biosynthesis mutants. Gao Y, et al. Plant Cell Physiol, 2008 Jul. PMID 18499742

    See all (60) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The stress induced caleosin, RD20/CLO3, acts as a negative regulator of GPA1 in Arabidopsis.
      Title: The stress induced caleosin, RD20/CLO3, acts as a negative regulator of GPA1 in Arabidopsis.
    2. PLDalpha1 and GPA1 are involved in the stomatal closure induced by Oridonin in Arabidopsis thaliana.
      Title: PLDα1 and GPA1 are involved in the stomatal closure induced by Oridonin in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    3. Findings suggest the functions and regulatory mechanisms of G protein alpha subunit 1 (GPA1) in Arabidopsis innate immunity.
      Title: Dynamic G protein alpha signaling in Arabidopsis innate immunity.
    4. Several AtGPA1 S/T phosphorylation sites are potentially nucleotide-dependent phosphorylation patterns, such as Ser52/Thr53 in the P-loop and Thr193 and/or Thr194 in Switch I
      Title: Receptor-Like Kinase Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis Heterotrimeric G-Protein Gα -Subunit AtGPA1.
    5. phosphorylation of Tyr(166) in AtGPA1 changes the binding pattern with AtRGS1 and thereby attenuates the steady-state rate of the GTPase cycle.
      Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation switching of a G protein.
    6. Found 394 GPA1-regulated genes spanning 79 processes, including biotic and abiotic stresses, development, flavonoid biosynthesis, transcription factors, transporters and nitrate/phosphate responses. Many are unknown in published gpa1 mutant analyses.
      Title: G-protein α-subunit (GPA1) regulates stress, nitrate and phosphate response, flavonoid biosynthesis, fruit/seed development and substantially shares GCR1 regulation in A. thaliana.
    7. Galpha mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure via H2O2 production, and acts downstream of RAN1, ETR1, ERS1, EIN4 and CTR1 and upstream of EIN2, EIN3 and ARR2. The data also show that ETR1 and ERS1 mediate both ethylene and H2O2 signalling in guard cells.
      Title: Heterotrimeric G protein mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure via hydrogen peroxide synthesis in Arabidopsis.
    8. AGG3, GPA1 and AGB1 act in the same genetic pathway to influence organ size and shape in A. thaliana.
      Title: The plant-specific G protein γ subunit AGG3 influences organ size and shape in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    9. GCR1 and GPA1 are involved in N-acyl-homoserine lactones -mediated elongation of Arabidopsis roots.
      Title: The GCR1 and GPA1 participate in promotion of Arabidopsis primary root elongation induced by N-acyl-homoserine lactones, the bacterial quorum-sensing signals.
    10. These findings establish a signaling pathway leading to ultraviolet-B-induced stomatal closure that involves GPA1-dependent activation of hydrogen peroxide production and subsequent Nia1-dependent nitric oxide accumulation.
      Title: Role and interrelationship of Gα protein, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide in ultraviolet B-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis leaves.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (27)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    NM_128187.3

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables GTP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables GTPase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables GTPase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables GTPase inhibitor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables channel regulator activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in blue light signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within programmed cell death in response to reactive oxygen species IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within reactive oxygen species metabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of cell population proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of stomatal closure IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal movement IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal movement TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to glucose IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to low fluence blue light stimulus by blue low-fluence system IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to pheromone IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within seed germination IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within thylakoid membrane organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within tyrosine biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in peroxisome HDA PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane HDA PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasmodesma HDA PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    G protein alpha subunit 1
    NP_180198.1
    • G protein alpha subunit 1 (GP ALPHA 1); FUNCTIONS IN: in 6 functions; INVOLVED IN: in 16 processes; LOCATED IN: plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, heterotrimeric G-protein complex; EXPRESSED IN: 25 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Plant G-protein, alpha subunit (InterPro:IPR002976), Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit (InterPro:IPR001019), G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion (InterPro:IPR011025); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: extra-large GTP-binding protein 3 (TAIR:AT1G31930.3); Has 3745 Blast hits to 3647 proteins in 408 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 2360; Fungi - 766; Plants - 268; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 351 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

      Range
      11196996..11201102
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001336055.1 → NP_001325056.1  G protein alpha subunit 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P18064
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VY32, A0A5S9X1K2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00066
      Location:40 → 377
      G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

    2. NM_128187.3 → NP_180198.1  G protein alpha subunit 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_180198.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P18064
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VY32, A0A5S9X1K2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00066
      Location:40 → 377
      G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P18064.1

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