MEKK1 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: MEKK1
Official Full Name: MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1
Primary source: TAIR:AT4G08500
Locus tag: AT4G08500
See related: Araport:AT4G08500
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: ARAKIN; ATMEKK1; MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1; MAPKKK8; T15F16.5; T15F16_5
Summary: Encodes a member of the A1 subgroup of the MEKK (MAPK/ERK kinase kinase) family. MEKK is another name for Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase (MAPKKK or MAP3K). This subgroup has four members: At4g08500 (MEKK1, also known as ARAKIN, MAP3Kb1, MAPKKK8), At4g08480 (MEKK2, also known as MAP3Kb4, MAPKKK9), At4g08470 (MEKK3, also known as MAP3Kb3, MAPKKK10) and At4g12020 (MEKK4, also known as MAP3Kb5, MAPKKK11, WRKY19). Nomenclatures for mitogen-activated protein kinases are described in Trends in Plant Science 2002, 7(7):301. Mediates cold, salt, cadmium and wounding stress signalling. Phosphorylates MEK1.
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Genomic context

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See MEKK1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 4

Exon count:: 9

Sequence:: Chromosome: 4; NC_003075.7 (5403671..5407320, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_003075.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003075.7

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Tyrosine to phenylalanine mutations decrease phosphorylation of the substrate MAP kinase kinase 1 (MKK1), suggesting the important role of this residue in the regulation of MAP kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1) kinase activity.
Title: Identification of tyrosine autophosphorylation sites of Arabidopsis MEKK1 and their involvement in the regulation of kinase activity.
double mekk1/camta3 mutant positioned CAMTA3 downstream of MEKK1 and verified their distinct roles in GSR regulation. mekk1-5 displays programmed cell death and overaccumulates reactive oxygen species and salicylic acid
Title: Distinct roles for mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and CALMODULIN-BINDING TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR3 in regulating the peak time and amplitude of the plant general stress response.
Treatment of Arabidopsis with a membrane rigidifier, DMSO, causes MPK4 activation concomitantly with MEKK1 and MKK2 phosphorylation.
Title: Membrane rigidification functions upstream of the MEKK1-MKK2-MPK4 cascade during cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Ca(2+) signaling occurred upstream of the MEKK1-MKK2 pathway. MEKK1 was phosphorylated by calcium/calmodulin-regulated receptor-like kinase (CRLK1), which suggested that CRLK1 is one of candidates located upstream of MEKK1.
Title: Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis thaliana MEKK1 via Ca(2+) signaling as a part of the cold stress response.
MEKK1 plays a key role in transducing the l-Glu signal that elicits large-scale changes in root architecture, and provide genetic evidence for the existence in plants of an external glutamate (l-Glu) signalling pathway analogous to that found in animals.
Title: Glutamate signalling via a MEKK1 kinase-dependent pathway induces changes in Arabidopsis root architecture.
Data indicate that MEKK2 is required for the mekk1, mkk1 mkk2, and mpk4 autoimmune phenotypes.
Title: Deletion of a tandem gene family in Arabidopsis: increased MEKK2 abundance triggers autoimmunity when the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 signaling cascade is disrupted.
Data suggest that the MEKK1-MKK1/MKK2-MPK4 kinase cascade negatively regulates MEKK2 and activation of MEKK2 triggers SUMM2-mediated immune responses.
Title: The MEKK1-MKK1/MKK2-MPK4 kinase cascade negatively regulates immunity mediated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase in Arabidopsis.
CRLK1 interacts with MEKK1 in vitro and in planta during cold treatment.
Title: Calcium/calmodulin-regulated receptor-like kinase CRLK1 interacts with MEKK1 in plants.
Activation of MPK4 by flg22 is impaired in the mkk1 mkk2 double mutants, suggesting that MKK1 and MKK2 function together with MPK4 and MEKK1 in a MAP kinase cascade to negatively regulate innate immune responses in plants.
Title: MEKK1, MKK1/MKK2 and MPK4 function together in a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade to regulate innate immunity in plants.
Treatment with elevated levels of sodium chloride improves the growth of mekk1 transgenic plants;the mekk1;mpk4 double-mutant combination causes seedling lethality.
Title: Genetic interaction and phenotypic analysis of the Arabidopsis MAP kinase pathway mutations mekk1 and mpk4 suggests signaling pathway complexity.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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NM_116919.4

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables MAP kinase kinase kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables MAP kinase kinase kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables kinase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	HDA more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within MAPK cascade	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cold acclimation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein autophosphorylation	HDA more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to L-glutamate	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to cadmium ion	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info
involved_in response to cold	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to cold	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to osmotic stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to osmotic stress	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to salt stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to wounding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within root meristem growth	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within root system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1

NP_192590.1

MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, kinase binding, DNA binding, MAP kinase kinase kinase activity, kinase activity; INVOLVED IN: in 6 processes; LOCATED IN: nucleus; EXPRESSED IN: 24 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase, ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441), Protein kinase, catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719), Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290), Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (InterPro:IPR008271); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 9 (TAIR:AT4G08480.1); Has 132336 Blast hits to 130259 proteins in 4567 species: Archae - 142; Bacteria - 14700; Metazoa - 49430; Fungi - 12971; Plants - 32949; Viruses - 685; Other Eukaryotes - 21459 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003075.7 Reference assembly

Range

5403671..5407320 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_116919.4 → NP_192590.1 MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_192590.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O81470, Q39008, Q39020, Q8W4N5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A654FMC9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06632
Location:332 → 587

STKc_MEKK1_plant; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Plant Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP)/Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) Kinase Kinase 1