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    SRF serum response factor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 6722, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    SRFprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    serum response factorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:11291
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000112658 MIM:600589; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11291
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MCM1
    Summary
    This gene encodes a ubiquitous nuclear protein that stimulates both cell proliferation and differentiation. It is a member of the MADS (MCM1, Agamous, Deficiens, and SRF) box superfamily of transcription factors. This protein binds to the serum response element (SRE) in the promoter region of target genes. This protein regulates the activity of many immediate-early genes, for example c-fos, and thereby participates in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cell growth, and cell differentiation. This gene is the downstream target of many pathways; for example, the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) that acts through the ternary complex factors (TCFs). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in prostate (RPKM 20.2), heart (RPKM 19.8) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See SRF in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6p21.1
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (43171269..43181506)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (43000031..43010279)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (43139007..43149244)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43043187-43043710 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17218 Neighboring gene kinesin light chain 4 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr6:43049243-43049446 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43050481-43051047 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43051048-43051613 Neighboring gene KLC4 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43057365-43057958 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43057959-43058553 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43058554-43059147 Neighboring gene protein tyrosine kinase 7 (inactive) Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24589 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24590 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24591 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43086921-43087840 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43087841-43088760 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43099803-43100304 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43100305-43100804 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24592 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43138211-43138940 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17219 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43139967-43140935 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24594 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43145601-43146102 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43146103-43146602 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24595 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17220 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17221 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43154118-43155317 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5812 silencer Neighboring gene cullin 9 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43190560-43191097 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24596 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17222 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:43197001-43197500 Neighboring gene 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate N-hydrolase 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env The interaction of the long cytoplasmic tail of HIV-1 gp41 with the carboxy-terminal regulatory domain of p115-RhoGEF inhibits p115-mediated actin stress fiber formation and activation of serum response factor (SRF) PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables chromatin DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables histone deacetylase binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables primary miRNA binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables serum response element binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables serum response element binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in angiogenesis involved in wound healing TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in associative learning IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in axon extension IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in bicellular tight junction assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in bronchus cartilage development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cardiac myofibril assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell-matrix adhesion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular senescence IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in dorsal aorta morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in epithelial cell-cell adhesion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in epithelial structure maintenance IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in erythrocyte development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in establishment of skin barrier IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in eyelid development in camera-type eye IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in face development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in filopodium assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in heart development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in heart looping ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in heart trabecula formation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in hematopoietic stem cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in hippocampus development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in long-term memory IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in long-term synaptic depression IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in lung morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in lung smooth muscle development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in megakaryocyte development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in mesoderm formation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of cell migration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of miRNA transcription ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in neuron development TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in neuron migration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in platelet activation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in platelet formation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of axon extension IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of filopodium assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by glucose IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive thymic T cell selection IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in primitive streak formation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of cell adhesion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to cytokine IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to cytokine NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to hormone IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to hypoxia IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in response to toxic substance TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in sarcomere organization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in skin morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in stress fiber assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in thymus development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in thyroid gland development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in trachea cartilage development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within trophectodermal cell differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chromatin IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    serum response factor
    Names
    c-fos serum response element-binding transcription factor
    minichromosome maintenance 1 homolog

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001292001.2NP_001278930.1  serum response factor isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001278930.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK300467, BC052572
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DU24
    2. NM_003131.4NP_003122.1  serum response factor isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003122.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL355385, BC052572
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4889.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P11831, Q5T648
      Related
      ENSP00000265354.4, ENST00000265354.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00266
      Location:142223
      MADS_SRF_like; SRF-like/Type I subfamily of MADS (MCM1, Agamous, Deficiens, and SRF (serum response factor) box family of eukaryotic transcriptional regulators. Binds DNA and exists as hetero- and homo-dimers. Differs from the MEF-like/Type II subgroup mainly in ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      43171269..43181506
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047419268.1XP_047275224.1  serum response factor isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DU24

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      43000031..43010279
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054356266.1XP_054212241.1  serum response factor isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DU24