Tph1 tryptophan hydroxylase 1 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Tph1provided by RGD
Official Full Name: tryptophan hydroxylase 1provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:3895
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000011488 AllianceGenome:RGD:3895
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Tph
Summary: Enables tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity. Involved in circadian rhythm; negative regulation of ossification; and response to immobilization stress. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be active in neuron projection. Biomarker of depressive disorder. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including alcohol use disorder; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; borderline personality disorder; depressive disorder (multiple); and nicotine dependence. Orthologous to human TPH1 (tryptophan hydroxylase 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Thymus (RPKM 11.1), Brain (RPKM 7.5) and 6 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q22

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	1	NC_086019.1 (106293695..106314628, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	1	NC_051336.1 (97157375..97178415, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	1	NC_005100.4 (102669868..102699442, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_086019.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Improvement of loperamide-induced slow transit constipation by Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 is mediated by the correction of butyrate production and neurotransmitter profile due to improvement in dysbiosis.
Title: Improvement of loperamide-induced slow transit constipation by Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 is mediated by the correction of butyrate production and neurotransmitter profile due to improvement in dysbiosis.
Protein acetylation derepresses Serotonin Synthesis to potentiate Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function through HDAC1-PKA-Tph1 signaling.
Title: Protein acetylation derepresses Serotonin Synthesis to potentiate Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function through HDAC1-PKA-Tph1 signaling.
tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH1), an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of Trp to serotonin, was significantly increased in liver and spleen of AT-2 engrafted rats. Further histochemical analysis revealed that the induction of TPH1 in the liver could be attributed to infiltration of mast cells.
Title: Induction of tryptophan hydroxylase in the liver of s.c. tumor model of prostate cancer.
The testes of control animals express the Tph1, Aanat, and Asmt and Per2 genes with 24-h rhythms in mRNA, reaching the maximal values during the dark phase.
Title: The Absence of Pineal Melatonin Abolishes the Daily Rhythm of Tph1 (Tryptophan Hydroxylase 1), Asmt (Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase), and Aanat (Aralkylamine N-Acetyltransferase) mRNA Expressions in Rat Testes.
Ursolic acid derivatives targeted to tryptophan hydroxylase 1 prevented bone loss by suppressing serotonin biosynthesis without estrogenic side-effects in ovariectomized rats.
Title: Ursolic acid derivatives as bone anabolic agents targeted to tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph-1).
there exists possible interrelation between tyrosine hydroxylase and TPH gene expression and epigenetic histone acetylation in chronic unpredictable stress-induced depressive rats, which at least partly contributes to the etiology of depression.
Title: Histone acetylation and expression of mono-aminergic transmitters synthetases involved in CUS-induced depressive rats.
An increased expression of TPH1 in the dorsal raphe nucleus may be the primary mechanism to explain the chronic increase in the brain synthesis of 5-HT in these in utero malnourished rats.
Title: Increased expression of tryptophan-5-hydroxylase 1, but not 2, in brainstem as a result of intrauterine malnutrition.
Transfection of VMAT-1 and TPH-1 induced vesicular storage of serotonin which is triggered release upon cooling and has protective effects against hypothermia.
Title: Induction of VMAT-1 and TPH-1 expression induces vesicular accumulation of serotonin and protects cells and tissue from cooling/rewarming injury.
data support the model that increased nocturnal 5-HT synthesis in the pineal gland is mediated by the phosphorylation of TPH1 at the serine 58, which elevates the TPH1 protein content and activity at night
Title: Posttranslational regulation of TPH1 is responsible for the nightly surge of 5-HT output in the rat pineal gland.
TPH1 mRNA is 2.5-fold upregulated by the stress in dorsal raphe nucleus but not in pineal gland.
Title: Stress upregulates TPH1 but not TPH2 mRNA in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus: identification of two TPH2 mRNA splice variants.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables iron ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within bone remodeling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in circadian rhythm	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland alveolus development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of ossification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in platelet degranulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in platelet degranulation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of fat cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of hemostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of hemostasis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to immobilization stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in serotonin biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in serotonin biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in serotonin biosynthetic process from tryptophan	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in neuron projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1

Names: tryptophan 5-monooxygenase 1

NP_001094104.1

EC 1.14.16.4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.