gro groucho [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: groprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: grouchoprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0001139
Locus tag: Dmel_CG8384
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0001139
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: anon-WO0118547.385; BcDNA.LD33829; BcDNA:LD33829; BEST:GM01575; BEST:LD15161; CG8384; dAES1; dAES2; dGro; DGro; Dmel\CG8384; E(spl)-WD; E(spl)gro; E(spl)m9/m10; E(spl)[2]; En-spl; Grg/TLE; Gro; GRO; Groucho; l(3)gro; m10; m9; m9-m10; m9/10; m9/m10
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity; protein domain specific binding activity; and transcription corepressor activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; negative regulation of signal transduction; and negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Part of protein-containing complex. Is expressed in several structures, including central brain primordium; ganglia; germarium; presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system; and somatic cell of ovariole. Orthologous to several human genes including TLE1 (TLE family member 1, transcriptional corepressor) and TLE2 (TLE family member 2, transcriptional corepressor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 96F10-96F10; 3-89 cM

Exon count:: 17

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (26041736..26049911)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (21867458..21875633)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Normal cell cycle progression requires negative regulation of E2F1 by Groucho during S phase and its relief at G2 phase.
Title: Normal cell cycle progression requires negative regulation of E2F1 by Groucho during S phase and its relief at G2 phase.
Data show separable and cell-type-specific functions of Groucho (Gro) and C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) in a Notch signaling cascade involved lateral inhibition process.
Title: Division of Labor: Roles of Groucho and CtBP in Notch-Mediated Lateral Inhibition that Controls Intestinal Stem Cell Differentiation in Drosophila.
Groucho-mediated repression revealed by genome-wide analysis of Groucho binding and activity
Title: Mechanisms of Groucho-mediated repression revealed by genome-wide analysis of Groucho binding and activity.
Wnt-dependent inactivation of the Groucho/TLE co-repressor by the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase Hyd/UBR5 is a key prerequisite that enables Armadillo/beta-catenin to activate transcription.
Title: Wnt-Dependent Inactivation of the Groucho/TLE Co-repressor by the HECT E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Hyd/UBR5.
Six4 and Gro promote differentiation towards the polar cell fate by promoting Notch pathway activity.
Title: Phosphorylated Groucho delays differentiation in the follicle stem cell lineage by providing a molecular memory of EGFR signaling in the niche.
Gro central domains mediate multiple interactions required for repression, thus functioning as a regulatory hub
Title: The Central Region of the Drosophila Co-repressor Groucho as a Regulatory Hub.
Gro inhibits rho expression in undifferentiated cells and represses the expression of both ato and rho in non-R8 precursors during initiation of photoreceptor differentiation in an E(spl)-dependent manner.
Title: Groucho restricts rhomboid expression and couples EGFR activation with R8 selection during Drosophila photoreceptor differentiation.
Our results demonstrate that Gro is recruited to local sites by transcription factors to attenuate rather than silence gene expression by promoting histone deacetylation and polymerase pausing
Title: The Groucho co-repressor is primarily recruited to local target sites in active chromatin to attenuate transcription.
although the recruitment of Gro is necessary and can be sufficient for Brk to make an almost morphologically wild-type fly, it is insufficient during oogenesis, where Brk must utilize CtBP and 3R to pattern the egg shell appropriately.
Title: Brinker possesses multiple mechanisms for repression because its primary co-repressor, Groucho, may be unavailable in some cell types.
Midline binds the Groucho co-repressor directly via the engrailed homology-1 domain and requires an intact engrailed-homology-1 domain to repress wingless.
Title: The Tbx20 homolog Midline represses wingless in conjunction with Groucho during the maintenance of segment polarity.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (30)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables CRD domain binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables HMG box domain binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription corepressor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription corepressor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription corepressor activity	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription corepressor activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sex determination, primary response to X:A ratio	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in torso signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in torso signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of protein-containing complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of transcription regulator complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: groucho

Names: CG8384-PA; CG8384-PB; CG8384-PC; CG8384-PD; CG8384-PE; CG8384-PF; CG8384-PG; CG8384-PH; CG8384-PI; CG8384-PJ; Tle/Groucho; dgroucho; gro-PA; gro-PB; gro-PC; gro-PD; gro-PE; gro-PF; gro-PG; gro-PH; gro-PI; gro-PJ

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

26041736..26049911

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001260380.2 → NP_001247309.1 groucho, isoform H [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001247309.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4K6L6, F0JAN3

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG2319
Location:415 → 707

WD40; WD40 repeat [General function prediction only]

cd00200
Location:421 → 706

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

pfam03920
Location:1 → 122

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain

sd00039
Location:426 → 465

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]
NM_001300610.1 → NP_001287539.1 groucho, isoform J [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001287539.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4LHP1, F0JAN3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:429 → 714

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:434 → 473

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain
NM_001276052.1 → NP_001262981.1 groucho, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262981.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KH09, F0JAN3

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG2319
Location:404 → 696

WD40; WD40 repeat [General function prediction only]

cd00200
Location:410 → 695

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

pfam03920
Location:1 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain

sd00039
Location:415 → 454

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]
NM_206575.3 → NP_996298.1 groucho, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996298.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V3F6, P16371, Q0KI08, Q7KRZ4, Q9V3F7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F0JAN3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:442 → 727

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:447 → 486

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 124

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain
NM_001202365.2 → NP_001189294.1 groucho, isoform G [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001189294.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4JDF1, F0JAN3

Conserved Domains (4) summary

COG2319
Location:434 → 726

WD40; WD40 repeat [General function prediction only]

cd00200
Location:440 → 725

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

pfam03920
Location:1 → 122

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain

sd00039
Location:445 → 484

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]
NM_170255.4 → NP_733134.1 groucho, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_733134.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4JD02, F0JAN3

Related

FBpp0084336

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:431 → 716

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:436 → 475

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain
NM_170254.3 → NP_733133.1 groucho, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_733133.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4JD02, F0JAN3

Related

FBpp0084337

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:431 → 716

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:436 → 475

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain
NM_079790.5 → NP_524514.2 groucho, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524514.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4JD02, F0JAN3

Related

FBpp0084338

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:431 → 716

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:436 → 475

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain
NM_001202364.1 → NP_001189293.1 groucho, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001189293.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4JD02, F0JAN3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:431 → 716

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:436 → 475

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain
NM_170256.2 → NP_733135.1 groucho, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_733135.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4JD02, F0JAN3

Related

FBpp0084339

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00200
Location:431 → 716

WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...

sd00039
Location:436 → 475

7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

pfam03920
Location:11 → 133

TLE_N; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain

Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein

Protein Accession	Links
Protein Accession	GenPept Link	UniProtKB Link
A0A0B4JD02		A0A0B4JD02
A0A0B4JDF1		A0A0B4JDF1
A0A0B4K6L6		A0A0B4K6L6
A0A0B4KH09		A0A0B4KH09
A0A0B4LHP1		A0A0B4LHP1
P16371.3		P16371