Gls glutaminase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Glsprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: glutaminaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2707
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000056246 AllianceGenome:RGD:2707
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Glut; RATGLUT
Summary: Predicted to enable glutaminase activity and identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in glutamine family amino acid metabolic process; intracellular glutamate homeostasis; and protein homotetramerization. Predicted to act upstream of or within chemical synaptic transmission; regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process; and suckling behavior. Predicted to be located in mitochondrion. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 71. Orthologous to human GLS (glutaminase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Kidney (RPKM 405.8), Brain (RPKM 295.5) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q22

Exon count:: 22

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	9	NC_086027.1 (56836584..56908861)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	9	NC_051344.1 (49344616..49416900)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	9	NC_005108.4 (54212622..54284879)

Chromosome 9 - NC_086027.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Inhibiting silence information regulator 2 and glutaminase in the amygdala can improve social behavior in autistic rats.
Title: Inhibiting silence information regulator 2 and glutaminase in the amygdala can improve social behavior in autistic rats.
TNFalpha increases STAT3-mediated expression of glutaminase isoform KGA in cultured rat astrocytes.
Title: TNFα increases STAT3-mediated expression of glutaminase isoform KGA in cultured rat astrocytes.
miR-200c directly targets the glutaminase (GLS) through complimentary binding to the 3'UTR reagent of GLS.
Title: MicroRNA-200c exacerbates the ischemia/reperfusion injury of heart through targeting the glutaminase (GLS)-mediated glutamine metabolism.
show here for the first time in vivo that both Abeta and glutamate cause nuclear exclusion of cdh1 and an increase in glutaminase
Title: Aβ Induces Excitotoxicity Mediated by APC/C-Cdh1 Depletion That Can Be Prevented by Glutaminase Inhibition Promoting Neuronal Survival.
GABAergic neurons and astrocytes express Gls and Gls2 isoenzymes in nucleus and mitochondria, in addition to glutamatergic neurons
Title: Expression of Gls and Gls2 glutaminase isoforms in astrocytes.
STAT1 regulates human glutaminase 1 promoter activity
Title: STAT1 regulates human glutaminase 1 promoter activity through multiple binding sites in HIV-1 infected macrophages.
This study describes optimized conditions and pharmacological controls for measuring glutamine synthetase and glutaminase activities in intact glial cells.
Title: A simple method for measuring intracellular activities of glutamine synthetase and glutaminase in glial cells.
Cerebellar parallel-fiber terminals, as well as mossy fiber terminals, contain a glutaminase activity enabling them to synthesize glutamate from glutamine.
Title: Glutamine as a precursor for transmitter glutamate, aspartate and GABA in the cerebellum: a role for phosphate-activated glutaminase.
Intestinsal flora, through butyrate production, can control the expression of colonic mHMGCoA synthase and glutaminase.
Title: Expression of mitochondrial HMGCoA synthase and glutaminase in the colonic mucosa is modulated by bacterial species.
Auf1 may mediate the rapid turnover of the glutaminase mRNA, whereas increased binding of zeta-crystallin during acidosis may inhibit stabilization.
Title: Role of deadenylation and AUF1 binding in the pH-responsive stabilization of glutaminase mRNA.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH135102 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:218379

RH143479 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:232726

Gls (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:506938

Gls (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:256613

D9Wox15 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:517819

RH137240 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:219328

RH139095 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:221181

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables glutaminase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glutaminase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glutaminase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glutaminase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables glutaminase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within chemical synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glutamine catabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glutamine catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glutamine catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamine catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamine catabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in glutamine catabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in glutamine metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in intracellular glutamate homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in intracellular glutamate homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in suckling behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within suckling behavior	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial

Names: K-glutaminase; L-glutamine amidohydrolase; kidney-type glutaminase

NP_001103438.2

EC 3.5.1.2

NP_036701.3

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_008765297.1

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_038938932.1

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_038938933.1

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_038938934.1

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_038938935.1

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_038938937.1

EC 3.5.1.2

XP_038938938.1

EC 3.5.1.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001109968.3 → NP_001103438.2 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform b

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 3' UTR and coding region compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P13264, Q8R421

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2KAN7

Related

ENSRNOP00000075466.1, ENSRNOT00000078073.3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam04960
Location:248 → 532

Glutaminase

pfam17959
Location:143 → 226

EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain
NM_012569.4 → NP_036701.3 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform a

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a).

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P13264, Q8R421

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0G2K1T0

Related

ENSRNOP00000071972.1, ENSRNOT00000090026.3

Conserved Domains (4) summary

sd00045
Location:561 → 587

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

pfam17959
Location:143 → 226

EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain

pfam04960
Location:248 → 532

Glutaminase

pfam12796
Location:561 → 653

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086027.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

56836584..56908861

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_008767075.4 → XP_008765297.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P13264, Q8R421

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04960
Location:248 → 534

Glutaminase; Glutaminase
XM_039083005.2 → XP_038938933.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam17959
Location:143 → 226

EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain

cl00907
Location:248 → 421

Glutaminase
XM_039083006.2 → XP_038938934.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam17959
Location:143 → 226

EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain

cl00907
Location:248 → 350

Glutaminase
XM_039083007.2 → XP_038938935.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

pfam17959
Location:143 → 226

EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain

cl00907
Location:248 → 352

Glutaminase
XM_039083004.2 → XP_038938932.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

sd00045
Location:333 → 359

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

pfam04960
Location:20 → 304

Glutaminase

pfam12796
Location:333 → 425

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
XM_039083010.2 → XP_038938938.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X6

Conserved Domains (3) summary

sd00045
Location:224 → 250

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

pfam04960
Location:13 → 195

Glutaminase

pfam12796
Location:224 → 316

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
XM_039083009.2 → XP_038938937.1 glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X6

Conserved Domains (3) summary

sd00045
Location:224 → 250

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

pfam04960
Location:13 → 195

Glutaminase

pfam12796
Location:224 → 316

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)