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    PRKCH protein kinase C eta [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5583, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PRKCHprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein kinase C etaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9403
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000027075 MIM:605437; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9403
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PKCL; PKC-L; PRKCL; uORF2; nPKC-eta
    Summary
    Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. It is a calcium-independent and phospholipids-dependent protein kinase. It is predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues and has been shown to reside specifically in the cell nucleus. This protein kinase can regulate keratinocyte differentiation by activating the MAP kinase MAPK13 (p38delta)-activated protein kinase cascade that targets CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA). It is also found to mediate the transcription activation of the transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) gene. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 18.8), spleen (RPKM 14.7) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See PRKCH in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    14q23.1
    Exon count:
    20
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (61187468..61550976)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (55394377..55757580)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (61788297..62017694)

    Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5996 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8484 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 398, pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101927756 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 38 member 6 Neighboring gene tRNA methyltransferase 5 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61555743-61556244 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8485 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61567888-61568804 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61570068-61571267 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14232 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61641010-61641511 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61644371-61644872 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61644987-61646186 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8486 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61721487-61722686 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61736629-61737128 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61746518-61747481 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 13098 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61789186-61789729 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5817 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5818 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61788641-61789185 Neighboring gene PRKCH antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 30B Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8487 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5819 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61822129-61823328 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8488 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8489 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8490 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8491 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5820 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8492 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_34674 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_34691 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_34693 and experimental_34700 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10871 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61932802-61933718 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8493 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8494 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8495 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_34726 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_34735 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:61972906-61973478 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_34774 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8496 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105370525 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62004017-62005216 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62018627-62019137 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62019138-62019647 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62028305-62029504 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62034963-62035464 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62035465-62035964 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr14:62036356-62036548 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1303 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8498 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 3033 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62074093-62074843 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62074844-62075593 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62076042-62076653 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8499 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:62145572-62146072 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 861 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8500 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5823 Neighboring gene HIF1A antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Ischemic stroke
    MedGen: C0948008 OMIM: 601367 GeneReviews: Not available
    Compare labs

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    A genome-wide association study for reading and language abilities in two population cohorts.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology and drug discovery.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Genome-wide SNP and CNV analysis identifies common and low-frequency variants associated with severe early-onset obesity.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Meta-analysis identifies nine new loci associated with rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of protein kinase C, eta (PRKCH) by siRNA inhibits the early stages of HIV-1 replication in 293T cells infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 PubMed

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 activates forward trafficking and surface clustering of NMDA receptors in membrane microdomains by a PKA-dependent phosphorylation of the NR1 C-terminal Ser897, followed by a PKC-dependent phosphorylation of Ser896 PubMed
    env Down modulation of the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and CD4 by TPA is blocked by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, suggesting PKC may play an important role in HIV-1 infection PubMed
    env c-FLIPL inhibits Bax activation via modulating PKC expression at the transcriptional level involving AP-2 during gp120 treatment PubMed
    env Pre-treatment of endothelial cells with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) protects cells from HIV-1 gp120 angiotoxicity; this protection is regulated by crosstalk among the ERK, PI3K-AKT and PKC signaling pathways PubMed
    env Induction of apoptosis in cell cultures through binding of HIV-1 gp120 or gp160 to CXCR4 involves protein kinase C, basic fibroblast growth factor, caspase-3, and the pro-apoptotic molecule Bax PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 increases the levels of calcium-dependent and -independent PKC isozymes; the most striking change is observed in PKC-zeta isozyme levels PubMed
    env A specific interaction between CD4 and HIV-1 gp120 is required for phosphorylation of CD4, which could involve protein kinase C PubMed
    env IL-16 induces rapid translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane in CD4+ cells; PKC inhibitors completely block IL-16-induced lymphocyte migration as well as the motile response induced by HIV-1 gp120 and anti-CD4 antibody binding to CD4 PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160-induced AP-1 complex formation is dependent upon protein tyrosine phosphorylation and is abolished by inhibitors of protein kinase C, but it is unaffected by calcium channel blockers or cyclosporine A PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to cytoplasmic domain residues 828-848 of HIV-1 gp41 inhibits pKC-catalysed phosphorylation of a protein substrate PubMed
    env A synthetic peptide containing residues 581-597 from HIV-1 gp41 inhibits protein kinase C (pkC)-mediated phosphorylation of the CD3 gamma-chain in intact cells and directly inhibits partially purified pkC PubMed
    Nef nef The N-terminus of HIV-1 Nef associates with PKC eta PubMed
    Tat tat Phospholipase C/protein kinase C signaling pathway-dependent phosphorylation of p44/42 and JNK MAP kinases participates partially in IL-1beta induction by TAT PubMed
    tat Protein kinase C is required for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the viral LTR promoter, indicating protein kinase C regulates the process of HIV-1 transactivation and may play a role in the transition of HIV from latency to productive growth PubMed
    tat Protein kinase C phosphorylates HIV-1 Tat on serine residue 46 PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat activates protein kinase C, resulting in the induction of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 expression and the secretion of MCP-1 PubMed
    matrix gag Protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylates HIV-1 Matrix on serine residue 111 resulting in a shift in localization of Matrix from the cytosol to the cellular membrane, suggesting a myristoyl-protein switch regulated by PKC phosphorylation PubMed
    retropepsin gag-pol Phosphorylation of human recombinant vimentin by PKC inhibits the proteolytic processing of the vimentin head domain by HIV-1 protease PubMed
    reverse transcriptase gag-pol HIV-1 RT heterodimer expressed in bacteria can be phosphorylated in vitro by several purified mammalian protein kinases including auto-activated protein kinase (PK), CKII, cytosolic protamine kinase (CPK), myelin basic protein kinase 1 (MBPK1), and PRKC PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • MGC5363, MGC26269

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables calcium,diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables diacylglycerol-dependent, calcium-independent serine/threonine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables enzyme binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables small GTPase binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables translation regulator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to amino acid starvation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of translation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of translation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of glial cell proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of translation in response to stress IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein kinase C signaling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cell-cell junction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    protein kinase C eta type
    Names
    Protein uPEP2
    NP_006246.2
    XP_011535256.1
    XP_011535257.1
    XP_011535259.1
    XP_024305429.1
    XP_024305430.1
    XP_047287541.1
    XP_047287542.1
    XP_054232361.1
    XP_054232362.1
    XP_054232363.1
    XP_054232364.1
    XP_054232365.1
    XP_054232366.1
    XP_054232367.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_011514.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      4783..234180
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_006255.5NP_006246.2  protein kinase C eta type

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006246.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL138996, AL355916
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS9752.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DJN5, P24723, Q16246, Q8NE03
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77
      Related
      ENSP00000329127.5, ENST00000332981.11
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd04014
      Location:8140
      C2_PKC_epsilon; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) epsilon
      smart00220
      Location:355614
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cd05590
      Location:359681
      STKc_nPKC_eta; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C eta
      pfam00130
      Location:246298
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      61187468..61550976
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_024449661.2XP_024305429.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X4

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05590
      Location:198520
      STKc_nPKC_eta; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C eta
      pfam00130
      Location:85137
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
    2. XM_011536957.2XP_011535259.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X6

      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd04014
      Location:8140
      C2_PKC_epsilon; C2 domain in Protein Kinase C (PKC) epsilon
      smart00220
      Location:355478
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      pfam00130
      Location:246298
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
      cl21453
      Location:359478
      PKc_like; Protein Kinases, catalytic domain
    3. XM_047431586.1XP_047287542.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X5

    4. XM_047431585.1XP_047287541.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77
    5. XM_024449662.2XP_024305430.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X4

      Related
      ENSP00000450981.1, ENST00000555082.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05590
      Location:198520
      STKc_nPKC_eta; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C eta
      pfam00130
      Location:85137
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
    6. XM_011536954.4XP_011535256.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00220
      Location:276535
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cd05590
      Location:280602
      STKc_nPKC_eta; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C eta
      pfam00130
      Location:167219
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)
    7. XM_011536955.2XP_011535257.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00220
      Location:275534
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain
      cd05590
      Location:279601
      STKc_nPKC_eta; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C eta
      pfam00130
      Location:166218
      C1_1; Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      55394377..55757580
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054376390.1XP_054232365.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X4

    2. XM_054376386.1XP_054232361.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77
    3. XM_054376392.1XP_054232367.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X6

    4. XM_054376391.1XP_054232366.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X5

    5. XM_054376389.1XP_054232364.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X4

    6. XM_054376387.1XP_054232362.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77
    7. XM_054376388.1XP_054232363.1  protein kinase C eta type isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B5BU77