Gprk2 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gprk2provided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2provided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0261988
Locus tag: Dmel_CG17998
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0261988
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: 154978_at; CG17998; Dmel\CG17998; Gprk 2; Gprk-2; gprk2; GPRK2; nosh
Summary: Enables G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate binding activity. Involved in several processes, including oocyte morphogenesis; positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway; and regulation of smoothened signaling pathway. Located in cytoplasm and cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; female germline cell; imaginal disc; mushroom body; and ventral nerve cord. Used to study alcohol use disorder. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Oguchi disease-2; Parkinson's disease; congestive heart failure; essential hypertension; and night blindness. Orthologous to several human genes including GRK5 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 100C3-100C4; 3-102 cM

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (31405245..31457873)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (27230967..27283595)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

pleckstrin homology domain of Gprk2 essential for enriching PI(4)P and facilitating Smo activation
Title: PI(4)P Promotes Phosphorylation and Conformational Change of Smoothened through Interaction with Its C-terminal Tail.
Gprk2 phosphorylation in the membrane proximal C-terminus is an evolutionarily ancient mechanism of Smo regulation, and point to a higher degree of similarity in the regulation and signaling mechanisms of bilaterian Smo proteins
Title: A broadly conserved g-protein-coupled receptor kinase phosphorylation mechanism controls Drosophila smoothened activity.
based on findings, propose that Gprk2 attenuates and tunes Fog-Cta signaling to prevent apical constriction in lateral mesodermal cells and to support appropriate apical constriction in ventral mesodermal cells
Title: Gprk2 adjusts Fog signaling to organize cell movements in Drosophila gastrulation.
Drosophila G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 regulates cAMP-dependent Hedgehog signaling.
Title: Drosophila G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 regulates cAMP-dependent Hedgehog signaling.
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 promotes high-level Hedgehog signaling by regulating the active state of Smo through kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms in Drosophila
Title: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 promotes high-level Hedgehog signaling by regulating the active state of Smo through kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms in Drosophila.
Oscillations in GPRK2 levels drive rhythms in gustatory physiology and behavior.
Title: Regulation of gustatory physiology and appetitive behavior by the Drosophila circadian clock.
Smoothened (Smo) is regulated by distinct Ptc-dependent and Gprk2-dependent trafficking mechanisms in vivo.
Title: Regulation of smoothened by Drosophila G-protein-coupled receptor kinases.
Circadian-clock-dependent rhythms in GPRK2 abundance control the rhythmic accumulation of odorant receptors in olfactory sensory neuron dendrites.
Title: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 is required for rhythmic olfactory responses in Drosophila.
Data show that G protein-coupled receptor 2 (Gprk2) expression is required in the germline for proper formation of the anterior egg structures and for early embryogenesis.
Title: The role of maternal and zygotic Gprk2 expression in Drosophila development.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in apical constriction involved in gastrulation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in oocyte morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2

Names: CG17998-PA; CG17998-PB; Gprk2-PA; Gprk2-PB; nosh

NP_001263143.1

EC 2.7.11.1

EC 2.7.11.16

NP_476867.1

EC 2.7.11.1

EC 2.7.11.16

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

31405245..31457873

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057519.4 → NP_476867.1 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476867.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A9UN94, P32866, Q960P0, Q9V9X6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KI69

Related

FBpp0085149

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:309 → 574

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd05605
Location:308 → 597

STKc_GRK4_like; Catalytic domain of G protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 4-like Serine/Threonine Kinases

cl02565
Location:248 → 305

RGS; Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain superfamily
NM_001276214.1 → NP_001263143.1 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001263143.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A9UN94, P32866, Q960P0, Q9V9X6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KI69

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:309 → 574

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd05605
Location:308 → 597

STKc_GRK4_like; Catalytic domain of G protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 4-like Serine/Threonine Kinases

cl02565
Location:248 → 305

RGS; Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain superfamily