RHD2 NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: RHD2
Official Full Name: NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D
Primary source: TAIR:AT5G51060
Locus tag: AT5G51060
See related: Araport:AT5G51060
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: A. THALIANA RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG C; ATRBOHC; K3K7.25; K3K7_25; RBOHC; RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG C; ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 2
Summary: RHD2 (along with RHD3 and RHD4) is required for normal root hair elongation. Has NADPH oxidase activity. Gene is expressed in the elongation and differention zone in trichoblasts and elongating root hairs. RDH2 is localized to the growing tips of root hair cells. It is required for the production of reactive oxygen species in response to extracellular ATP stimulus. The increase in ROS production stimulates Ca2+ influx.
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Genomic context

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See RHD2 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 5

Exon count:: 11

Sequence:: Chromosome: 5; NC_003076.8 (20757199..20762461, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_003076.8 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003076.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

GLABROUS INFLORESCENCE STEMS3 binds to and activates RHD2 and RHD4 genes to promote root hair elongation in Arabidopsis.
Title: GLABROUS INFLORESCENCE STEMS3 binds to and activates RHD2 and RHD4 genes to promote root hair elongation in Arabidopsis.
Complementation of rbohC mutant RH phenotypes by a S318/322 phosphorylation deficient RBOHC version suggests flexible and alternating phosphorylation patterns as mechanism fine-tuning ROS production in RH development.
Title: CBL1-CIPK26-mediated phosphorylation enhances activity of the NADPH oxidase RBOHC, but is dispensable for root hair growth.
Genetic crosses between the cas-c1 mutant and scn1 or rhd2 mutants were performed, and the detailed phenotypic and molecular characterization of the double mutants demonstrates that scn1 mutation is epistatic to cas-c1 and cas-c1 is epistatic to rhd2 mutation, indicating that CAS-C1 acts in early steps of the root hair development process.
Title: ß-Cyanoalanine Synthase Action in Root Hair Elongation is Exerted at Early Steps of the Root Hair Elongation Pathway and is Independent of Direct Cyanide Inactivation of NADPH Oxidase.
The role of NADPH oxidases under cadmium (Cd) toxicity was studied using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants AtrbohC, AtrbohD and AtrbohF.
Title: NADPH oxidases differentially regulate ROS metabolism and nutrient uptake under cadmium toxicity.
NADPH oxidase was involved in root hair elongation induced by vanadate.
Title: Pathways involved in vanadate-induced root hair formation in Arabidopsis.
findings demonstrate how a positive feedback mechanism involving RHD2, reactive oxygen species, and Ca2+ can determine root hair cell shape
Title: Local positive feedback regulation determines cell shape in root hair cells.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_124485.3

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables calcium ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within aerobic respiration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to ATP	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within root epidermal cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D

NP_199919.1

ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 2 (RHD2); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Ferredoxin reductase-type FAD-binding domain (InterPro:IPR017927), Cytochrome b245, heavy chain (InterPro:IPR000778), EF-Hand 1, calcium-binding site (InterPro:IPR018247), EF-hand-like domain (InterPro:IPR011992), Ferric reductase-like transmembrane component, N-terminal (InterPro:IPR013130), NADPH oxidase Respiratory burst (InterPro:IPR013623), Ferric reductase, NAD binding (InterPro:IPR013121), EF-HAND 2 (InterPro:IPR018249), FAD-binding 8 (InterPro:IPR013112), Riboflavin synthase-like beta-barrel (InterPro:IPR017938); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Riboflavin synthase-like superfamily protein (TAIR:AT4G25090.1); Has 2388 Blast hits to 2271 proteins in 341 species: Archae - 10; Bacteria - 214; Metazoa - 694; Fungi - 757; Plants - 530; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 183 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003076.8 Reference assembly

Range

20757199..20762461 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_124485.3 → NP_199919.1 NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_199919.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O81210, Q5VI40, Q8GZ82, Q9FI42

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178UIV0, A0A5S9YDG4, A0A7G2FLR3

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd06186
Location:597 → 905

NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...

pfam08030
Location:715 → 888

NAD_binding_6; Ferric reductase NAD binding domain

pfam01794
Location:398 → 548

Ferric_reduct; Ferric reductase like transmembrane component

pfam08414
Location:131 → 229

NADPH_Ox; Respiratory burst NADPH oxidase

pfam13499
Location:228 → 290

EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair