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    PAL1 PHE ammonia lyase 1 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 818280, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PAL1
    Official Full Name
    PHE ammonia lyase 1
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT2G37040
    Locus tag
    AT2G37040
    See related
    Araport:AT2G37040
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ATPAL1; CI0004; PHE ammonia lyase 1; T1J8.22; T1J8_22
    Summary
    Encodes PAL1, a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Arabidopsis has four PALs: AT2G37040 (PAL1), AT3G53260 (PAL2), AT5G04230 (PAL3) and AT3G10340 (PAL4).
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    Genomic context

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    See PAL1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 2
    Exon count:
    2
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (15557367..15560755, complement)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SAUR-like auxin-responsive protein family Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003071.7

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Functional analysis of the Arabidopsis PAL gene family in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stress. Huang J, et al. Plant Physiol, 2010 Aug. PMID 20566705, Free PMC Article
    2. The F-Box Protein SAGL1 and ECERIFERUM3 Regulate Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Response to Changes in Humidity in Arabidopsis. Kim H, et al. Plant Cell, 2019 Sep. PMID 31320482, Free PMC Article
    3. Bacterial non-host resistance: interactions of Arabidopsis with non-adapted Pseudomonas syringae strains. Mishina TE, et al. Physiol Plant, 2007 Nov. PMID 18251883
    4. Differential expression of four Arabidopsis PAL genes; PAL1 and PAL2 have functional specialization in abiotic environmental-triggered flavonoid synthesis. Olsen KM, et al. J Plant Physiol, 2008 Sep 29. PMID 18242769
    5. Extracellular ATP induces the accumulation of superoxide via NADPH oxidases in Arabidopsis. Song CJ, et al. Plant Physiol, 2006 Apr. PMID 16428598, Free PMC Article

    See all (16) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Kelch repeat F-box protein SMALL AND GLOSSY LEAVES1 (SAGL1) mediates proteasome-dependent degradation of ECERIFERUM3 (CER3), a biosynthetic enzyme involved in the production of very long chain alkanes (the major components of wax), thereby negatively regulating cuticular wax biosynthesis.
      Title: The F-Box Protein SAGL1 and ECERIFERUM3 Regulate Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Response to Changes in Humidity in Arabidopsis.
    2. The results suggest that SAGL1 regulates phenylpropanoid biosynthesis post-translationally at Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and transcriptionally at ANTHOCYANIDIN SYNTHASE (ANS).
      Title: Post-translational and transcriptional regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway by Kelch repeat F-box protein SAGL1.
    3. PAL1 and PAL2 also have functional specialization in abiotic environmental-triggered flavonoid synthesis.
      Title: Differential expression of four Arabidopsis PAL genes; PAL1 and PAL2 have functional specialization in abiotic environmental-triggered flavonoid synthesis.
    4. Data show rapid upregulation of PAL1, suggesting that an early induced, cell wall-based defence mechanism occurs in response to non-adapted bacteria and knockout of PAL1 permits increased leaf survival of non-host bacteria.
      Title: Bacterial non-host resistance: interactions of Arabidopsis with non-adapted Pseudomonas syringae strains.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_129260.3

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cinnamic acid biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within defense response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within drought recovery IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within lignin catabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within phenylpropanoid biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within pollen development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to UV-B IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to oxidative stress IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to wounding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within salicylic acid catabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    PHE ammonia lyase 1
    NP_181241.1
    • PHE ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1); FUNCTIONS IN: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity; INVOLVED IN: in 10 processes; LOCATED IN: cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Phenylalanine/histidine ammonia-lyase (InterPro:IPR001106), Phenylalanine/histidine ammonia-lyases, active site (InterPro:IPR022313), L-Aspartase-like (InterPro:IPR008948), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (InterPro:IPR005922); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2 (TAIR:AT3G53260.1); Has 4888 Blast hits to 4867 proteins in 1414 species: Archae - 40; Bacteria - 2973; Metazoa - 79; Fungi - 127; Plants - 1176; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 493 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

      Range
      15557367..15560755 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_129260.3 → NP_181241.1  PHE ammonia lyase 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_181241.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35510, Q94AN1, Q9ZQD6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VNB5, A0A178VQX6, A0A5S9X4Q3, A0A5S9XKH8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PLN02457
      Location:29 → 725
      PLN02457; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P35510.3

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