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    TRX-M4 thioredoxin M-type 4 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 820775, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TRX-M4
    Official Full Name
    thioredoxin M-type 4
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT3G15360
    Locus tag
    AT3G15360
    See related
    Araport:AT3G15360
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA MYOSIN 4; ARABIDOPSIS THIOREDOXIN M-TYPE 4; ATHM4; ATM4; MJK13.20; thioredoxin M-type 4
    Summary
    encodes a prokaryotic thioredoxin
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    Genomic context

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    See TRX-M4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 3
    Exon count:
    2
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 3; NC_003074.8 (5188241..5189836)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_003074.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 25 Neighboring gene phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase subunit Neighboring gene expansin 12 Neighboring gene Plasma-membrane choline transporter family protein Neighboring gene silencing defective 5

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003074.8

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Thioredoxin m4 controls photosynthetic alternative electron pathways in Arabidopsis. Courteille A, et al. Plant Physiol, 2013 Jan. PMID 23151348, Free PMC Article
    2. Distinct electron transfer from ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase to multiple thioredoxin isoforms in chloroplasts. Yoshida K, et al. Biochem J, 2017 Apr 4. PMID 28246333
    3. M-type thioredoxins are involved in the xanthophyll cycle and proton motive force to alter NPQ under low-light conditions in Arabidopsis. Da Q, et al. Plant Cell Rep, 2018 Feb. PMID 29080907
    4. Evidence for a role of chloroplastic m-type thioredoxins in the biogenesis of photosystem II in Arabidopsis. Wang P, et al. Plant Physiol, 2013 Dec. PMID 24151299, Free PMC Article
    5. M-Type Thioredoxins Regulate the PGR5/PGRL1-Dependent Pathway by Forming a Disulfide-Linked Complex with PGRL1. Okegawa Y, et al. Plant Cell, 2020 Dec. PMID 33037145, Free PMC Article

    See all (19) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. M-Type Thioredoxins Regulate the PGR5/PGRL1-Dependent Pathway by Forming a Disulfide-Linked Complex with PGRL1.
      Title: M-Type Thioredoxins Regulate the PGR5/PGRL1-Dependent Pathway by Forming a Disulfide-Linked Complex with PGRL1.
    2. Data show that the m-type thioredoxins TRX-m1, TRX-m2, and TRX-m4 (TRX-ms) interact with the xanthophyll cycle enzyme zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZE) and are required for maintaining the redox-dependent stabilization of ZE.
      Title: M-type thioredoxins are involved in the xanthophyll cycle and proton motive force to alter NPQ under low-light conditions in Arabidopsis.
    3. Data suggest that all 10 chloroplast Trx (thioredoxin) isoforms are commonly reduced by Ftr (ferredoxin- thioredoxin reductase), however, significantly different efficiencies are evident in the kinetics of electron transfer; the reduction rate of Trx-m4 was higher than that of other Trx-m isoforms.
      Title: Distinct electron transfer from ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase to multiple thioredoxin isoforms in chloroplasts.
    4. These results suggest an important role for TRX m1, TRX m2, and TRX m4 proteins in the biogenesis of photosystem II.
      Title: Evidence for a role of chloroplastic m-type thioredoxins in the biogenesis of photosystem II in Arabidopsis.
    5. NADH dehydrogenase-like complex activity is increased in an Arabidopsis mutant lacking TRXm4.
      Title: Thioredoxin m4 controls photosynthetic alternative electron pathways in Arabidopsis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_112404.5

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables enzyme activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables enzyme inhibitor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein-disulfide reductase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in negative regulation of catalytic activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to oxidative stress IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chloroplast HDA PubMed 
    located_in chloroplast ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  
    located_in chloroplast envelope HDA PubMed 
    located_in chloroplast stroma HDA PubMed 
    located_in chloroplast thylakoid membrane HDA PubMed 
    located_in cytosol HDA PubMed 
    located_in plant-type cell wall HDA PubMed 
    located_in thylakoid HDA PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    thioredoxin M-type 4
    NP_188155.1
    • thioredoxin M-type 4 (TRX-M4); FUNCTIONS IN: enzyme activator activity; INVOLVED IN: response to oxidative stress, positive regulation of catalytic activity; LOCATED IN: thylakoid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane, cell wall, chloroplast, chloroplast envelope; EXPRESSED IN: 24 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Thioredoxin fold (InterPro:IPR012335), Thioredoxin, core (InterPro:IPR015467), Thioredoxin domain (InterPro:IPR013766), Thioredoxin, conserved site (InterPro:IPR017937), Thioredoxin (InterPro:IPR005746), Thioredoxin-like subdomain (InterPro:IPR006662), Thioredoxin-like (InterPro:IPR017936), Thioredoxin-like fold (InterPro:IPR012336); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: thioredoxin M-type 1 (TAIR:AT1G03680.1); Has 22907 Blast hits to 21478 proteins in 3001 species: Archae - 325; Bacteria - 11943; Metazoa - 2959; Fungi - 1292; Plants - 2075; Viruses - 15; Other Eukaryotes - 4298 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003074.8 Reference assembly

      Range
      5188241..5189836
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_112404.5 → NP_188155.1  thioredoxin M-type 4 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_188155.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q0WUS9, Q9LDP6, Q9SEU6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VJ83, A0A5S9XCK4, A0A7G2ELV3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      TIGR01068
      Location:91 → 191
      thioredoxin
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9SEU6.2

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