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    STX16 syntaxin 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8675, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    STX16provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    syntaxin 16provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:11431
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000124222 MIM:603666; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11431
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    SYN16; SYN-16
    Summary
    This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the syntaxin or t-SNARE (target-SNAP receptor) family. These proteins are found on cell membranes and serve as the targets for V-SNARES (vesicle-SNAP receptors) permitting specific synaptic vesicle docking and fusion. A microdeletion in the region of chromosome 20 where this gene is located has been associated with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib. Multiple transcript variants have been found for this gene. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the neighboring downstream aminopeptidase-like 1 (NPEPL1) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 25.9), lymph node (RPKM 25.7) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See STX16 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    20q13.32
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 20 NC_000020.11 (58651283..58679526)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 20 NC_060944.1 (60433347..60461590)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 20 NC_000020.10 (57226339..57254582)

    Chromosome 20 - NC_000020.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 18175 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 18176 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57212955-57213590 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1711 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985410 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5631 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57223531-57224068 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 13074 Neighboring gene STX16-NPEPL1 readthrough (NMD candidate) Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57227205-57227708 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57236323-57236822 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57244387-57245042 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57245043-57245700 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57245701-57246356 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57250883-57251408 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57251409-57251933 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57267289-57267994 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 13077 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 13078 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 13079 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57269435-57270042 Neighboring gene aminopeptidase like 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57276557-57277089 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57277090-57277621 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr20:57290235-57291042 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904942

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (14 hits/1269 screens)

    Associated conditions

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Longitudinal genome-wide association of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Bogalusa heart study.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Readthrough STX16-NPEPL1

    Readthrough gene: STX16-NPEPL1, Included gene: NPEPL1

    Clone Names

    • MGC90328

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables SNAP receptor activity  
    enables SNAP receptor activity PubMed 
    enables SNARE binding  
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables syntaxin binding PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in endocytic recycling PubMed 
    involved_in intracellular protein transport  
    involved_in retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi PubMed 
    involved_in retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi PubMed 
    involved_in vesicle docking  
    involved_in vesicle fusion  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus PubMed 
    located_in Golgi cisterna PubMed 
    located_in Golgi membrane  
    part_of SNARE complex  
    part_of SNARE complex PubMed 
    part_of SNARE complex PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm PubMed 
    located_in cytosol PubMed 
    located_in cytosol  
    is_active_in endomembrane system  
    colocalizes_with endoplasmic reticulum PubMed 
    located_in focal adhesion PubMed 
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle PubMed 
    located_in membrane PubMed 
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm PubMed 
    located_in synaptic vesicle membrane  
    located_in trans-Golgi network PubMed 
    located_in trans-Golgi network membrane  

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_011831.3 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..33245
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001001433.3 → NP_001001433.1  syntaxin-16 isoform a

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001001433.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (a, also referred to as isoform B).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS13468.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NK32, A6NN69, A8MPP0, B7ZBN1, B7ZBN2, B7ZBN3, E1P5M0, E1P607, O14661, O14662, O14663, O60517, Q5W084, Q5W086, Q5W087, Q5XKI6, Q6GMS8, Q9H0Z0, Q9H1T7, Q9H1T8, Q9UIX5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4E3U3
      Related
      ENSP00000360183.4, ENST00000371141.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG5325
      Location:75 → 301
      COG5325; t-SNARE complex subunit, syntaxin [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]
      cd15845
      Location:233 → 291
      SNARE_syntaxin16; SNARE motif of syntaxin 16
    2. NM_001134772.3 → NP_001128244.1  syntaxin-16 isoform c

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001128244.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (c), compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46619.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4E3U3
      Related
      ENSP00000350723.4, ENST00000358029.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG5325
      Location:71 → 297
      COG5325; t-SNARE complex subunit, syntaxin [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]
      cd15845
      Location:229 → 287
      SNARE_syntaxin16; SNARE motif of syntaxin 16
    3. NM_001134773.3 → NP_001128245.1  syntaxin-16 isoform d

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001128245.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (d), compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46620.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4E3U3
      Related
      ENSP00000348229.5, ENST00000355957.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG5325
      Location:58 → 284
      COG5325; t-SNARE complex subunit, syntaxin [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]
      cd15845
      Location:216 → 274
      SNARE_syntaxin16; SNARE motif of syntaxin 16
    4. NM_001204868.2 → NP_001191797.1  syntaxin-16 isoform e

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001191797.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and uses a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (e) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56199.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4E3U3
      Related
      ENSP00000352634.4, ENST00000359617.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd15845
      Location:180 → 238
      SNARE_syntaxin16; SNARE motif of syntaxin 16
      cl00143
      Location:29 → 135
      SynN; Syntaxin N-terminus domain; syntaxins are nervous system-specific proteins implicated in the docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane; they are a family of receptors for intracellular transport vesicles; each target membrane may ...
    5. NM_003763.6 → NP_003754.2  syntaxin-16 isoform b

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003754.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site and lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (b, also referred to as isoform A), compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS13469.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4E3U3
      Related
      ENSP00000360173.4, ENST00000371132.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG5325
      Location:54 → 280
      COG5325; t-SNARE complex subunit, syntaxin [Intracellular trafficking and secretion]
      cd15845
      Location:212 → 270
      SNARE_syntaxin16; SNARE motif of syntaxin 16

    RNA

    1. NR_037941.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' region and lacks an exon in the central region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the supported start codon, as used in variant 1, would render the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
    2. NR_037942.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) has alternate exon structure in the 5' region and lacks an exon in the central region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because it lacks the supported start codon, as found in variant 1, and the use of the next available in-frame start codon would render the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959
    3. NR_037943.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) has alternate exon structure in the 5' region and lacks an exon in the central region, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because it lacks the supported start codon, as found in variant 1, and the use of the next available in-frame start codon would render the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL050327, AL139349, KF456959

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000020.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      58651283..58679526
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060944.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      60433347..60461590
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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