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    SPK1 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 827328, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    SPK1
    Official Full Name
    guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT4G16340
    Locus tag
    AT4G16340
    See related
    Araport:AT4G16340
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    DL4200C; FCAALL.346; SPIKE1
    Summary
    Encodes SPIKE1 (SPK1), the lone DOCK family guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) in Arabidopsis. SPK1 is a peripheral membrane protein that accumulates at, and promotes the formation of, a specialized domain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) termed the ER exit site (ERES). SPK1 promotes polarized growth and cell-cell adhesion in the leaf epidermis. Mutant has seedling lethal; cotyledon, leaf-shape, trichome defects.
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    Genomic context

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    See SPK1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 4
    Exon count:
    31
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 4; NC_003075.7 (9228185..9241629, complement)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_003075.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene S-protein homologue 1 Neighboring gene LSD1-like 3 Neighboring gene 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene calcineurin B-like protein 6

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003075.7

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. SPIKE1 signals originate from and assemble specialized domains of the endoplasmic reticulum. Zhang C, et al. Curr Biol, 2010 Dec 7. PMID 21109438
    2. The Arabidopsis SPIKE1 gene is required for normal cell shape control and tissue development. Qiu JL, et al. Plant Cell, 2002 Jan. PMID 11826302, Free PMC Article
    3. Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals. Ren H, et al. PLoS Genet, 2017 Jun. PMID 28644898, Free PMC Article
    4. Cortical Microtubule Organization during Petal Morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Yang Y, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Oct 3. PMID 31623377, Free PMC Article
    5. SPIKE1 Activates ROP GTPase to Modulate Petal Growth and Shape. Ren H, et al. Plant Physiol, 2016 Sep. PMID 27440754, Free PMC Article

    See all (11) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Results suggest that during the late petal development stages, SPIKE1 (SPK1), encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPase proteins (ROP2, ROP4, and ROP6)-dependent signaling module influences anisotropic growth in the petal and defines the final organ shape.
      Title: SPIKE1 Activates ROP GTPase to Modulate Petal Growth and Shape.
    2. we demonstrated that SPIKE1 and Rho of Plants (ROP) GTPases were required for the final shape formation of conical cells, as KTN1 does. Live-cell imaging showed that wild-type cells exhibited random orientation of cortical microtubule arrays at early developmental stages but displayed a well-ordered circumferential orientation of microtubule arrays at later stages.
      Title: Spatio-temporal orientation of microtubules controls conical cell shape in Arabidopsis thaliana petals.
    3. Data show that SPIKE1 is a peripheral membrane protein that accumulates at, and promotes the formation of, a specialized domain of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) termed the ER exit site (ERES).
      Title: SPIKE1 signals originate from and assemble specialized domains of the endoplasmic reticulum.
    4. The DOCK family protein SPIKE1 (SPK1) is a GEF, and that one function of SPK1 is to control actin polymerization via two heteromeric complexes termed WAVE and actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3.
      Title: A SPIKE1 signaling complex controls actin-dependent cell morphogenesis through the heteromeric WAVE and ARP2/3 complexes.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    NM_001341097.1
    NM_117729.8

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within_negative_effect anisotropic cell growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cortical microtubule organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within petal morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive gravitropism IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of auxin mediated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of cell shape IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of cytoskeleton organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within vesicle-mediated transport IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    NOT located_in cytosol RCA
    inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    colocalizes_with endoplasmic reticulum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum exit site IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein
    NP_001319958.1
    • SPIKE1 (SPK1); FUNCTIONS IN: GTPase binding, GTP binding, guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; LOCATED IN: cytosol, plasma membrane; EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Dedicator of cytokinesis (InterPro:IPR010703); Has 1667 Blast hits to 1104 proteins in 136 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 1334; Fungi - 77; Plants - 63; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 193 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003075.7 Reference assembly

      Range
      9228185..9241629 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001341097.1 → NP_001319958.1  guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O23479, Q152R9, Q8SAB7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A5S9XTA9, A0A654FPY5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08679
      Location:462 → 632
      C2_DOCK180_related; C2 domains found in Dedicator Of CytoKinesis 1 (DOCK 180) and related proteins
      pfam06920
      Location:1297 → 1821
      DHR-2; Dock homology region 2

    2. NM_117729.8 → NP_193367.7  guanyl-nucleotide exchange factors;GTPase binding;GTP binding protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_193367.7

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O23479, Q152R9, Q8SAB7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A5S9XTA9, A0A654FPY5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd08679
      Location:462 → 632
      C2_DOCK180_related; C2 domains found in Dedicator Of CytoKinesis 1 (DOCK 180) and related proteins
      pfam06920
      Location:1297 → 1821
      DHR-2; Dock homology region 2
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8SAB7.1

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