GAD glutamate decarboxylase [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: GAD
Official Full Name: glutamate decarboxylase
Primary source: TAIR:AT5G17330
Locus tag: AT5G17330
See related: Araport:AT5G17330
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 1; MKP11.30; MKP11_30
Summary: Encodes one of two isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase.
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Genomic context

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See GAD in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 5

Exon count:: 8

Sequence:: Chromosome: 5; NC_003076.8 (5710910..5715075)

Chromosome 5 - NC_003076.8 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003076.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Glutamate decarboxylase-1 is essential for efficient acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana to nutritional phosphorus deprivation.
Title: Glutamate decarboxylase-1 is essential for efficient acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana to nutritional phosphorus deprivation.
Phenotypic effects from the expression of a deregulated AtGAD1 transgene and GABA pathway suppression mutants in maize.
Title: Phenotypic effects from the expression of a deregulated AtGAD1 transgene and GABA pathway suppression mutants in maize.
mutations in the two lobes affect GAD1 activation in similar ways and only intact AtCaM1 can fully activate GAD1. Taken together, our data provide new insights into the CaM lobes role in interactions between CaM and plant GAD.
Title: Biochemical and biophysical characterization of a plant calmodulin: Role of the N- and C-lobes in calcium binding, conformational change, and target interaction.
Calmodulin activates Gad1 in a unique way by relieving two C-terminal autoinhibition domains of adjacent active sites, forming a 393 kDa Gad1-calmodulin complex with an unusual 1:3 stoichiometry.
Title: A common structural basis for pH- and calmodulin-mediated regulation in plant glutamate decarboxylase.
Antibody titers to this enzyme identify two subgroups of patients with adult-onset autoimmune diabetes having distinct clinical, autoimmune, and genetic features.
Title: High titer of autoantibodies to GAD identifies a specific phenotype of adult-onset autoimmune diabetes.
Insertion mutants of GAD1 revealed that GABA levels in roots were drastically reduced compared with those in the wild type.
Title: The root-specific glutamate decarboxylase (GAD1) is essential for sustaining GABA levels in Arabidopsis.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_121739.4

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables calmodulin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables calmodulin binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables glutamate decarboxylase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables pyridoxal phosphate binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in glutamate metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutamate decarboxylase

NP_197235.1

glutamate decarboxylase (GAD); FUNCTIONS IN: calmodulin binding, glutamate decarboxylase activity; INVOLVED IN: response to cadmium ion; EXPRESSED IN: 13 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 6 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transferase, major domain (InterPro:IPR015424), Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent decarboxylase (InterPro:IPR002129), Glutamate decarboxylase (InterPro:IPR010107), Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transferase, major region, subdomain 1 (InterPro:IPR015421); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: glutamate decarboxylase 4 (TAIR:AT2G02010.1); Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 736; Fungi - 347; Plants - 385; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).