PTAC12 plastid transcriptionally active 12 [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: PTAC12
Official Full Name: plastid transcriptionally active 12
Primary source: TAIR:AT2G34640
Locus tag: AT2G34640
See related: Araport:AT2G34640
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: HEMERA; HMR; plastid transcriptionally active 12; T31E10.2; T31E10_2; TAC12
Summary: Present in transcriptionally active plastid chromosomes. Involved in plastid gene expression.
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Genomic context

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See PTAC12 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 2

Exon count:: 10

Sequence:: Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (14581835..14584797, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003071.7

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

this study reveals a daytime PHYB-mediated thermosensing mechanism, in which HEMERA acts as a necessary activator for PIF4-dependent induction of temperature-responsive genes and PIF4 accumulation.
Title: Daytime temperature is sensed by phytochrome B in Arabidopsis through a transcriptional activator HEMERA.
Data suggest a retrograde protein translocation mechanism in which HEMERA/pTAC12 (HMR) is targeted first to plastids, processed to the mature form, and then relocated to the nucleus.
Title: Mechanism of Dual Targeting of the Phytochrome Signaling Component HEMERA/pTAC12 to Plastids and the Nucleus.
In vivo results support a regulatory mechanism for PIFs in which HMR is a transcriptional coactivator binding directly to PIFs and the 9aaTAD of HMR couples the degradation of PIF1 and PIF3 with the transactivation of PIF target genes.
Title: HEMERA Couples the Proteolysis and Transcriptional Activity of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs in Arabidopsis Photomorphogenesis.
Arabidopsis pTAC14 is essential for proper chloroplast development, most likely by affecting plastid-encoded bacterial-type RNA polymerase (PEP) activity and regulating PEP-dependent plastid gene transcription in Arabidopsis together with pTAC12.
Title: A functional component of the transcriptionally active chromosome complex, Arabidopsis pTAC14, interacts with pTAC12/HEMERA and regulates plastid gene expression.
phytochromes directly interact with HMR to promote HMR protein accumulation in the light
Title: Photoactivated phytochromes interact with HEMERA and promote its accumulation to establish photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis.
HEMERA (previously identified as pTAC12) has a function in the nucleus, where it acts specifically in phytochrome signaling, is predicted to be similar to the multiubiquitin-binding protein, RAD23, and can partially rescue yeast rad23mutants.
Title: Arabidopsis HEMERA/pTAC12 initiates photomorphogenesis by phytochromes.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_129018.4

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transcription regulator activator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in UV protection	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within plastid transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of red or far-red light signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of red or far-red light signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of thermomorphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
NOT acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of plant organ morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of plant organ morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within_positive_effect response to UV	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to blue light	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to cytokinin	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to far red light	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to far red light	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to light stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to red light	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to red light	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to temperature stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to temperature stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chloroplast	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in chloroplast	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in chloroplast nucleoid	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
part_of plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: plastid transcriptionally active 12

NP_181011.2

plastid transcriptionally active 12 (PTAC12); FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown; INVOLVED IN: positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, transcription from plastid promoter; LOCATED IN: plastid chromosome, chloroplast, nucleoid; EXPRESSED IN: 21 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; Has 330 Blast hits to 283 proteins in 92 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 6; Metazoa - 99; Fungi - 32; Plants - 40; Viruses - 9; Other Eukaryotes - 144 (source: NCBI BLink).