GAMMA-H2AX gamma histone [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: GAMMA-H2AX
Official Full Name: gamma histone
Primary source: TAIR:AT1G54690
Locus tag: AT1G54690
See related: Araport:AT1G54690
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: G-H2AX; GAMMA H2AX; gamma histone variant H2AX; H2AXB; histone H2A 3; HTA3; T22H22.12; T22H22_12
Summary: Encodes HTA3, a histone H2A protein. H2AX is a meiosis-specific isoform of histone H2A. Upon DSB formation, rapid accumulation of phosphorylated H2AX (gamma-H2AX) occurs around the break site. #H2AX foci accumulate in early G2. Immunolocalization studies in spread preparations of wild-type meiocytes at G2/early leptotene revealed the accumulation of numerous rather diffuse gamma-H2AX foci throughout the chromatin. However, their accumulation is not contemporaneous with that of AtSPO11-1. At 3 h post-S, no gamma-H2AX foci are detected. During the 3- to 5-h window when AtSPO11-1 foci rapidly disappear, there is an equally swift accumulation of gamma-H2AX to a maximum of >50 diffuse foci. The level of gammaH2AX then remains constant for a further 13 h before undergoing a gradual decrease to 10#Aei20 foci in the 18- to 24-h post-S period. By 30 h the foci have disappeared from the chromatin.
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Genomic context

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See GAMMA-H2AX in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 1

Exon count:: 2

Sequence:: Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (20414316..20415287, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003070.9

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The study demonstrates the complexity and functional significance of post-translational DNA damage signalling responses in plants and establish the requirement of H2AX phosphorylation for plant survival under genotoxic stress.
Title: Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals plant DNA damage signalling pathways with a functional role for histone H2AX phosphorylation in plant growth under genotoxic stress.
Gamma-H2AX is involved in DNA double-strand break repair through both the non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination.
Title: Histone H2AX and the small RNA pathway modulate both non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination in plants.
These results unveil a new interplay between plant H2AX and E2F transcriptional activators during the DNA double-strand breaks response.
Title: Plant γH2AX foci are required for proper DNA DSB repair responses and colocalize with E2F factors.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_104344.2

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein heterodimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables structural constituent of chromatin	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleolus	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: gamma histone

NP_175868.1

gamma histone variant H2AX (GAMMA-H2AX); FUNCTIONS IN: DNA binding; INVOLVED IN: nucleosome assembly; LOCATED IN: nucleolus, nucleus; EXPRESSED IN: 28 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Histone H2A (InterPro:IPR002119), Histone-fold (InterPro:IPR009072), Histone core (InterPro:IPR007125); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Histone superfamily protein (TAIR:AT1G08880.1); Has 3932 Blast hits to 3927 proteins in 364 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 2549; Fungi - 335; Plants - 612; Viruses - 4; Other Eukaryotes - 432 (source: NCBI BLink).