PHOT1 phototropin 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: PHOT1
Official Full Name: phototropin 1
Primary source: TAIR:AT3G45780
Locus tag: AT3G45780
See related: Araport:AT3G45780
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: F16L2.3; JK224; NONPHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 1; NPH1; PHOTOTROPIN; phototropin 1; ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 1; RPT1
Summary: Blue-light photoreceptor. Contains a light activated serine-threonine kinase domain and LOV1 and LOV2 repeats. Mutants are defective in blue-light response. Mediates blue light-induced growth enhancements. PHOT1 and PHOT2 mediate blue light-dependent activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cell protoplasts. PHOT1 undergoes blue-light-dependent autophosphorylation. At least eight phosphorylation sites have been identified in PHOT1. Phosphorylation of serine851 in the activation loop of PHOT1 appears to be required for stomatal opening, chloroplast accumulation, leaf flattening, and phototropism, and phosphorylation of serine849 may also contribute to the regulation of these responses. Phosphorylation-dependent binding of 14-3-3 proteins to the Hinge1 region of PHOT1 appears to require serine350 and serine376.
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Genomic context

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See PHOT1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 3

Exon count:: 21

Sequence:: Chromosome: 3; NC_003074.8 (16816721..16824210)

Chromosome 3 - NC_003074.8 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003074.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

PHOTOTROPIN1 lysine 526 functions to enhance phototropism in Arabidopsis.
Title: PHOTOTROPIN1 lysine 526 functions to enhance phototropism in Arabidopsis.
Phototropin 1 and 2 Influence Photosynthesis, UV-C Induced Photooxidative Stress Responses, and Cell Death.
Title: Phototropin 1 and 2 Influence Photosynthesis, UV-C Induced Photooxidative Stress Responses, and Cell Death.
Arabidopsis Phototropins Participate in the Regulation of Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence.
Title: Arabidopsis Phototropins Participate in the Regulation of Dark-Induced Leaf Senescence.
The continuing arc toward phototropic enlightenment.
Title: The continuing arc toward phototropic enlightenment.
Phototropin 1 Undergoes Blue Light-Induced Activation in Membrane Microdomains
Title: Arabidopsis Blue Light Receptor Phototropin 1 Undergoes Blue Light-Induced Activation in Membrane Microdomains.
Data show that phototropin 1 (phot1), which senses low light to promote positive phototropism (growth towards the light), also limits the response in high light.
Title: A phosphorylation switch turns a positive regulator of phototropism into an inhibitor of the process.
Phototropic-responsive NPH3 family proteins NPH3 and RPT2 have roles in phototropin 1 (phot1) signaling besides phototropism.
Title: Shining Light on the Function of NPH3/RPT2-Like Proteins in Phototropin Signaling.
the kinase domain of Arabidopsis phot1 and phot2 can be successfully engineered to accommodate non-natural ATP analogues by substituting the bulky gatekeeper residue threonine for glycine.
Title: A chemical genetic approach to engineer phototropin kinases for substrate labeling.
The spatial targeting approach therefore excludes the hypocotyl apex as the site for light perception for phototropism and shows that phot1-mediated NPH3 de-phosphorylation is tissue autonomous and occurs more prominently in the basal hypocotyl.
Title: Functional characterization of Arabidopsis phototropin 1 in the hypocotyl apex.
Data suggest that Arabidopsis can adapt to elevated phosphorylation status of phototropin-1 R472H mutant in part by reducing its stability, whereas activity of the mutant under high-light conditions can be attributed to additional increases in LOV2-mediated photoreceptor autophosphorylation.
Title: Functional characterization of a constitutively active kinase variant of Arabidopsis phototropin 1.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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NM_001035737.2

Supported by ESTs:

NM_114447.4

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables FMN binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables FMN binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables blue light photoreceptor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables kinase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables mRNA binding	HDA more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within blue light signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in blue light signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within chloroplast accumulation movement	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within chloroplast avoidance movement	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within circadian rhythm	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within phototropism	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein autophosphorylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein autophosphorylation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of proton transport	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal movement	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to blue light	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in response to blue light	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell surface	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
located_in plant-type vacuole	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: phototropin 1

NP_001030814.1

phototropin 1 (PHOT1); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, FMN binding, kinase activity, blue light photoreceptor activity; INVOLVED IN: in 8 processes; LOCATED IN: internal side of plasma membrane, vacuole, cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: PAC motif (InterPro:IPR001610), Protein kinase, ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441), Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290), PAS fold (InterPro:IPR013767), PAS (InterPro:IPR000014), PAS-associated, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR000700), Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (InterPro:IPR008271), Protein kinase, catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: phototropin 2 (TAIR:AT5G58140.1); Has 35333 Blast hits to 34131 proteins in 2444 species: Archae - 798; Bacteria - 22429; Metazoa - 974; Fungi - 991; Plants - 531; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 9610 (source: NCBI BLink).

NP_190164.1

phototropin 1 (PHOT1); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, FMN binding, kinase activity, blue light photoreceptor activity; INVOLVED IN: in 8 processes; LOCATED IN: internal side of plasma membrane, vacuole, cytoplasm; EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: PAC motif (InterPro:IPR001610), Protein kinase, ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441), Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290), PAS fold (InterPro:IPR013767), PAS (InterPro:IPR000014), PAS-associated, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR000700), Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442), Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009), Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (InterPro:IPR008271), Protein kinase, catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: phototropin 2 (TAIR:AT5G58140.1); Has 112705 Blast hits to 107868 proteins in 3419 species: Archae - 296; Bacteria - 19357; Metazoa - 40871; Fungi - 12339; Plants - 20501; Viruses - 442; Other Eukaryotes - 18899 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003074.8 Reference assembly

Range

16816721..16824210

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_114447.4 → NP_190164.1 phototropin 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_190164.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O48963

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VFT4, A0A5S9XIZ0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PRK13557
Location:478 → 580

PRK13557; histidine kinase; Provisional

PRK13559
Location:192 → 313

PRK13559; hypothetical protein; Provisional

cd05574
Location:661 → 971

STKc_phototropin_like; Catalytic domain of Phototropin-like Serine/Threonine Kinases
NM_001035737.2 → NP_001030814.1 phototropin 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001030814.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O48963

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VFT4, A0A5S9XIZ0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PRK13557
Location:478 → 580

PRK13557; histidine kinase; Provisional

PRK13559
Location:192 → 313

PRK13559; hypothetical protein; Provisional

cd05574
Location:661 → 971

STKc_phototropin_like; Catalytic domain of Phototropin-like Serine/Threonine Kinases