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    TOC33 translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 839248, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TOC33
    Official Full Name
    translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT1G02280
    Locus tag
    AT1G02280
    See related
    Araport:AT1G02280
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ATTOC33; PLASTID PROTEIN IMPORT 1; PPI1; T6A9.32; translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33
    Summary
    Encodes a GTP-binding GTP-ase. Component of the chloroplast protein import machinery. Required for import of POR B into plastids. Toc33 phosphorylation may not play an important role in vivo.
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    Genomic context

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    See TOC33 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    8
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (448423..450426, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Calcium-binding endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase family Neighboring gene miscRNA Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Cysteine proteinases superfamily protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003070.9

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Unusual nucleotide-binding properties of the chloroplast protein import receptor, atToc33. Aronsson H, et al. FEBS Lett, 2003 Jun 5. PMID 12782294
    2. Dimerization of Toc-GTPases at the chloroplast protein import machinery. Weibel P, et al. J Biol Chem, 2003 Sep 26. PMID 12869544
    3. Substrate binding disrupts dimerization and induces nucleotide exchange of the chloroplast GTPase Toc33. Oreb M, et al. Biochem J, 2011 Jun 1. PMID 21434866, Free PMC Article
    4. Nucleotide binding and dimerization at the chloroplast pre-protein import receptor, atToc33, are not essential in vivo but do increase import efficiency. Aronsson H, et al. Plant J, 2010 Jul. PMID 20444229
    5. In vivo assessment of the significance of phosphorylation of the Arabidopsis chloroplast protein import receptor, atToc33. Aronsson H, et al. FEBS Lett, 2006 Jan 23. PMID 16412428

    See all (34) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Structural and Functional Heat Stress Responses of Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana.
      Title: Structural and Functional Heat Stress Responses of Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana.
    2. Toc64 participates in chloroplast protein import and cooperates in part with Toc33.
      Title: Toc33 and Toc64-III cooperate in precursor protein import into the chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana.
    3. [review] Homodimerization of Toc33 prevents nucleotide exchange, thereby locking the receptor in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-loaded state and preventing further activity.
      Title: Dimerization of TOC receptor GTPases and its implementation for the control of protein import into chloroplasts.
    4. Pre-protein binding induces a dissociation of the Toc33 homodimer and results in exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) for guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
      Title: Substrate binding disrupts dimerization and induces nucleotide exchange of the chloroplast GTPase Toc33.
    5. Neither nucleotide binding nor dimerization at atToc33 is essential for chloroplast import.
      Title: Nucleotide binding and dimerization at the chloroplast pre-protein import receptor, atToc33, are not essential in vivo but do increase import efficiency.
    6. Toc33-R130A mutation reduces homodimerization and affects the interaction of Toc33 with Toc159 during protein import into chloroplasts.
      Title: Toc receptor dimerization participates in the initiation of membrane translocation during protein import into chloroplasts.
    7. Toc33 and Toc159 form heterodimer in vivo.
      Title: In vivo interaction between atToc33 and atToc159 GTP-binding domains demonstrated in a plant split-ubiquitin system.
    8. Toc33 GTPase homodimerization and protein translocation into chloroplasts are pH sensitive.
      Title: pH sensitivity of the GTPase Toc33 as a regulatory circuit for protein translocation into chloroplasts.
    9. analysis of Arabidopsis Toc33, Toc34, and Toc159-GTPase homodimers
      Title: On the significance of Toc-GTPase homodimers.
    10. Dimerization is independent of nucleotide loading state, based on crystal structures of dimeric Pisum sativum Toc34 and monomeric Arabidopsis thaliana Toc33.
      Title: The GTPase cycle of the chloroplast import receptors Toc33/Toc34: implications from monomeric and dimeric structures.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_001123743.2
    NM_100108.5

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables GTP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables GTPase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein-transporting ATPase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in intracellular protein transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within protein targeting to chloroplast TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chloroplast HDA PubMed 
    located_in chloroplast ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  
    located_in chloroplast envelope HDA PubMed 
    located_in chloroplast outer membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region HDA PubMed 
    located_in intracellular anatomical structure TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33
    NP_001117215.1
    • translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33 (TOC33); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, GTP binding, GTPase activity, protein homodimerization activity; INVOLVED IN: protein targeting to chloroplast; LOCATED IN: chloroplast outer membrane, chloroplast; EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: AIG1 (InterPro:IPR006703), Chloroplast protein import component Toc34 (InterPro:IPR005688); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 34 (TAIR:AT5G05000.1); Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12; Bacteria - 1396; Metazoa - 17338; Fungi - 3422; Plants - 5037; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
    NP_171730.1
    • translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33 (TOC33); FUNCTIONS IN: protein binding, GTP binding, GTPase activity, protein homodimerization activity; INVOLVED IN: protein targeting to chloroplast; LOCATED IN: chloroplast outer membrane, chloroplast, chloroplast envelope; EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: AIG1 (InterPro:IPR006703), Chloroplast protein import component Toc34 (InterPro:IPR005688); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 34 (TAIR:AT5G05000.1); Has 1041 Blast hits to 1035 proteins in 244 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 399; Metazoa - 251; Fungi - 18; Plants - 325; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 48 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

      Range
      448423..450426 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_100108.5 → NP_171730.1  translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_171730.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O23680, Q94B42, Q9GDD3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178W9C6, A0A5S9S5U9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl38936
      Location:1 → 296
      P-loop_NTPase; P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases

    2. NM_001123743.2 → NP_001117215.1  translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001117215.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O23680, Q94B42, Q9GDD3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178W9C6, A0A5S9S5U9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl38936
      Location:1 → 296
      P-loop_NTPase; P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O23680.1

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