Palld palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Palldprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: palladin, cytoskeletal associated proteinprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1919583
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000058056 AllianceGenome:MGI:1919583
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: 6030492A02; 2410003B16Rik
Summary: Predicted to enable axon guidance receptor activity and cytoskeletal protein binding activity. Acts upstream of or within actin cytoskeleton organization; epithelial cell morphogenesis; and keratinocyte development. Located in Z disc; focal adhesion; and stress fiber. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; embryo mesenchyme; genitourinary system; heart; and hemolymphoid system gland. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in pancreatic cancer. Orthologous to human PALLD (palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Expression: Broad expression in bladder adult (RPKM 40.1), ovary adult (RPKM 20.2) and 21 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 8 B3.1; 8 31.23 cM

Exon count:: 26

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	8	NC_000074.7 (61964465..62355741, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	8	NC_000074.6 (61511431..61902707, complement)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000074.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

[High expression of Circ-PALLD in heart failure is transcriptionally regulated by the transcription factor GATA4].
Title: [High expression of Circ-PALLD in heart failure is transcriptionally regulated by the transcription factor GATA4].
Ablation of palladin in adult heart causes dilated cardiomyopathy associated with intercalated disc abnormalities.
Title: Ablation of palladin in adult heart causes dilated cardiomyopathy associated with intercalated disc abnormalities.
Cloning and promoter analysis of palladin 90-kDa, 140-kDa, and 200-kDa isoforms involved in skeletal muscle cell maturation.
Title: Cloning and promoter analysis of palladin 90-kDa, 140-kDa, and 200-kDa isoforms involved in skeletal muscle cell maturation.
Palladin operates downstream of mTOR to modulate axon morphogenesis
Title: Palladin Is a Neuron-Specific Translational Target of mTOR Signaling That Regulates Axon Morphogenesis.
Taken together, this study demonstrates that palladin plays an important role in themorphology and dynamic behavior of podocytes in vivo and in vitro.
Title: The Role of Palladin in Podocytes.
Study shows palladin is expressed with proper spatio-temporal pattern in the neural folds. It plays a crucial role in regulating mouse cranial neural tube closure by modulating cytoskeleton, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and adhesion of neural epithelium
Title: Lacking of palladin leads to multiple cellular events changes which contribute to NTD.
these results show a new function for PALLD as a crucial regulator of the early phase of phagocytosis by elaborating dynamic actin polymerization and depolymerization
Title: PALLD Regulates Phagocytosis by Enabling Timely Actin Polymerization and Depolymerization.
Interactions with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate decrease the actin polymerizing activity of Ig domain 3 of palladin (Palld-Ig3).
Title: Phosphoinositide Binding Inhibits Actin Crosslinking and Polymerization by Palladin.
The aggregation of palladin(+/-) platelets was increased in response to low levels of thrombin, U46619, and collagen. This study also reports enhanced spreading of palladin(+/-) platelets on immobilized fibrinogen (Fg) and increased rate of clot retraction in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) containing palladin(+/-) platelets.
Title: Palladin is involved in platelet activation and arterial thrombosis.
The inhibition of palladin in myoblasts stimulates them to exit the cell cycle and express myogenic markers at the early phases of myogenesis, but retards the formation of multinucleated myotubes via the enhanced activation of myostatin.
Title: Dual roles of palladin protein in in vitro myogenesis: inhibition of early induction but promotion of myotube maturation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (3)
Targeted (3) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:235899

D8Ertd252e (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:167556

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables actin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables axon guidance receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables cytoskeletal protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within actin cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial cell morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within keratinocyte development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in synapse organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Z disc	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in Z disc	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in actin filament	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in actin filament	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
is_active_in axon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in axon	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in axonal growth cone	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in excitatory synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in excitatory synapse	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in filopodium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in focal adhesion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in focal adhesion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in growth cone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in growth cone	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in lamellipodium	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in lamellipodium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in neuronal cell body	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in neuronal cell body	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in podosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in podosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in ruffle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in ruffle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in stress fiber	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in stress fiber	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: palladin

Names: 90kDa actin-associated protein palladin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001081390.2 → NP_001074859.1 palladin isoform 4

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks two alternate in-frame exons and differs in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (4) lacks two alternate internal segments and has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC121881, AC139846, AC147616

Consensus CDS

CCDS40350.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9ET54

Related

ENSMUSP00000034057.8, ENSMUST00000034057.14

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00096
Location:465 → 542

Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

cd05893
Location:1034 → 1108

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:278 → 368

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
NM_001293772.2 → NP_001280701.1 palladin isoform 1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AC121881, AC139846, AC147616

Consensus CDS

CCDS80882.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A0JNZ3, Q69ZT7, Q6DFX7, Q9CWW1, Q9ET54

Related

ENSMUSP00000112442.2, ENSMUST00000121785.9

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:1276 → 1350

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:278 → 368

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
NM_001293773.2 → NP_001280702.1 palladin isoform 2

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence and lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an alternate internal segment compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC121881, AC147616

Consensus CDS

CCDS80881.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

K0BWC3

Related

ENSMUSP00000113874.2, ENSMUST00000121493.9

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00096
Location:76 → 153

Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

cd05893
Location:870 → 944

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:754 → 844

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
NM_001293774.2 → NP_001280703.1 palladin isoform 3

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence and lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an alternate internal segment compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC121881

Consensus CDS

CCDS80880.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9ET54

Related

ENSMUSP00000112374.2, ENSMUST00000121200.9

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd00096
Location:415 → 418

Ig; Ig strand A [structural motif]

cd05892
Location:514 → 605

IgI_Myotilin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of myotilin; member of the I-set of Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains

cd05893
Location:281 → 372

IgI_1_Palladin_C; First C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin; member of the I-set of Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains

cl11960
Location:415 → 505

Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000074.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

61964465..62355741 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011242242.3 → XP_011240544.1 palladin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A0JNZ3, Q69ZT7, Q6DFX7, Q9CWW1, Q9ET54

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:1276 → 1350

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:278 → 368

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
XM_006509503.3 → XP_006509566.1 palladin isoform X2

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9ET54

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:1259 → 1333

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:278 → 368

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
XM_006509504.4 → XP_006509567.1 palladin isoform X4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

K0BWC3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:887 → 961

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:771 → 861

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
XM_006509505.4 → XP_006509568.1 palladin isoform X4

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

K0BWC3

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:887 → 961

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:771 → 861

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
XM_006509507.4 → XP_006509570.1 palladin isoform X5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:548 → 622

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:432 → 522

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
XM_006509508.5 → XP_006509571.1 palladin isoform X5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd05893
Location:548 → 622

Ig_Palladin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin

pfam07679
Location:432 → 522

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain
XM_036154308.1 → XP_036010201.1 palladin isoform X6

Conserved Domains (4) summary

cd00096
Location:415 → 418

Ig; Ig strand A [structural motif]

cd05892
Location:514 → 605

IgI_Myotilin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of myotilin; member of the I-set of Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains

cd05893
Location:281 → 372

IgI_1_Palladin_C; First C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin; member of the I-set of Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains

cl11960
Location:415 → 505

Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
XM_036154307.1 → XP_036010200.1 palladin isoform X3

Conserved Domains (6) summary

pfam07679
Location:448 → 545

I-set; Immunoglobulin I-set domain

cd00096
Location:1160 → 1163

Ig; Ig strand A [structural motif]

cd05892
Location:1259 → 1350

IgI_Myotilin_C; C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of myotilin; member of the I-set of Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains

cd05893
Location:1026 → 1117

IgI_1_Palladin_C; First C-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of palladin; member of the I-set of Ig superfamily (IgSF) domains

cd20972
Location:277 → 368

IgI_2_Titin_Z1z2-like; Second Ig-like domain of the giant muscle protein titin Z1z2 in the sarcomeric Z-disk, and similar domains; a member of the I-set of IgSF domains

cl11960
Location:1160 → 1250

Ig; Immunoglobulin domain