Insl3 insulin-like 3 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Insl3provided by MGI
Official Full Name: insulin-like 3provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:108427
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000079019 AllianceGenome:MGI:108427
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Rlf; Rlnl
Summary: Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor binding activity and protease binding activity. Involved in regulation of male gonad development. Acts upstream of or within in utero embryonic development and male gonad development. Predicted to be located in perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. Is expressed in Leydig cell; cornea; ovary; testis; and trunk. Used to study cryptorchidism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in cryptorchidism. Orthologous to human INSL3 (insulin like 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 1816.6) and ovary adult (RPKM 220.4) See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 8 B3.3; 8 34.43 cM

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	8	NC_000074.7 (72141896..72143221)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	8	NC_000074.6 (71689252..71690577)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000074.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

A 35-bp Conserved Region Is Crucial for Insl3 Promoter Activity in Mouse MA-10 Leydig Cells.
Title: A 35-bp Conserved Region Is Crucial for Insl3 Promoter Activity in Mouse MA-10 Leydig Cells.
Results suggest that FEAT facilitates the INSL3 production in testicular Leydig cells that is essential for transabdominal testis migration.
Title: FEAT enhances INSL3 expression in testicular Leydig cells.
The results displayed that INSL3 changed RXFP2 expression in mouse gubernaculum testis cells in vitro
Title: An insight into insulin-like factor 3 regulate its receptor RXFP2 in mouse gubernaculum testis cells.
COUP-TFII cooperates with the nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) to further enhance Insl3 promoter activity in Leydig cells.
Title: The INSL3 gene is a direct target for the orphan nuclear receptor, COUP-TFII, in Leydig cells.
Microarray expression profiling of whole adrenal mRNA from ovariectomized vs. intact mice demonstrated selective upregulation of gonadal-like genes including Spinlw1 and Insl3 in GDX-induced adrenocortical tumors of the mouse.
Title: Novel markers of gonadectomy-induced adrenocortical neoplasia in the mouse and ferret.
Our data suggest that beta-catenin and NOTCH1 pathways are potential targets of INSL3 signaling during gubernacular development.
Title: Mechanisms of INSL3 signaling in male reproductive organs.
Data suggest that Insl3/Rxfp2 (insulin-like peptide 3/relaxin receptor 2) signaling is important for testicular descent; however, germ-cell deletion of Rxfp2 did not affect spermatogenesis, germ cell survival, or male fertility.
Title: Insulin-like 3 signaling is important for testicular descent but dispensable for spermatogenesis and germ cell survival in adult mice.
beta-catenin and Notch pathways are potential targets of INSL3 signaling during gubernacular development.
Title: Suppression of insulin-like3 receptor reveals the role of β-catenin and Notch signaling in gubernaculum development.
INSL3 is a powerful and multifunctional promoter of tumor growth and angiogenesis in human thyroid cancer cell xenografts. INSL3 actions involve RXFP2 activation and the secretion of S100A4 and (pro-)cathepsin-L
Title: INSL3 has tumor-promoting activity in thyroid cancer.
Poorly formed gubernacula and increased testicular mobility in Insl3 mutant mice result in spermatic cord anomalies, delayed/absent testicular descent and subsequent testicular torsion in a gene dose dependent manner
Title: Loss of Insl3: a potential predisposing factor for testicular torsion.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (21)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1)
Targeted (2) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Jak3 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143641

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protease binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within in utero embryonic development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within male gonad development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in male gonad development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in oocyte maturation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of wound healing	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of male gonad development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: insulin-like 3

Names: Ley I-L; ley-I-L; leydig insulin-like peptide; relaxin-like factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_013564.7 → NP_038592.3 insulin-like 3 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_038592.3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC162033, AK132857

Consensus CDS

CCDS22404.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O09107, P97744

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q5RL10

Related

ENSMUSP00000034261.8, ENSMUST00000034261.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd04365
Location:27 → 120

IlGF_relaxin_like; IlGF_like family, relaxin_like subgroup, specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of active peptides including (pro)relaxin, mammalian Leydig cell-specific insulin-like peptide (gene INSL3), early placenta insulin-like peptide (ELIP; gene INSL4), ...