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    krz kurtz [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 53554, updated on 17-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    krzprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    kurtzprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0040206
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG1487
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0040206
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    0952/14; beta-arr2; CG1487; Dmel\CG1487; Krz; Kurtz; l(3)S095214
    Summary
    Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including locomotory exploration behavior; negative regulation of signal transduction; and positive regulation of protein desumoylation. Located in cytosol. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; cuticular specialization; epithelium; female germline cell; and imaginal disc. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in glioblastoma; myopia; nicotine dependence; opiate dependence (multiple); and retinal disease (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including ARRB1 (arrestin beta 1) and ARRB2 (arrestin beta 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

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    See krz in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    100F1-100F2; 3-103 cM
    Exon count:
    2
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) 3R NT_033777.3 (32045314..32051993, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) 3R NT_033777.2 (27871036..27877715, complement)

    Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene Poseidon Neighboring gene modulo Neighboring gene Microtubule-associated protein 205

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. A Drosophila nonvisual arrestin is required for the maintenance of olfactory sensitivity. Ge H, et al. Chem Senses, 2006 Jan. PMID 16306316, Free PMC Article
    2. Modeling novelty habituation during exploratory activity in Drosophila. Soibam B, et al. Behav Processes, 2013 Jul. PMID 23597866, Free PMC Article
    3. The interaction between the coactivator dCBP and Modulo, a chromatin-associated factor, affects segmentation and melanotic tumor formation in Drosophila. Bantignies F, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2002 Mar 5. PMID 11854460, Free PMC Article
    4. Regulation of Notch signalling by non-visual beta-arrestin. Mukherjee A, et al. Nat Cell Biol, 2005 Dec. PMID 16284625
    5. kurtz, a novel nonvisual arrestin, is an essential neural gene in Drosophila. Roman G, et al. Genetics, 2000 Jul. PMID 10880488, Free PMC Article

    See all (71) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Krz-GPCR interactions are critical for setting the correct level of Fog-Mist signaling during epithelial morphogenesis
      Title: Structure-function analysis of β-arrestin Kurtz reveals a critical role of receptor interactions in downregulation of GPCR signaling in vivo.
    2. Kurtz (Krz), the Drosophila beta-arrestin2, acts in parallel with the ESCRTs 0-II pathway to sort Smo to the multivesicular bodies and lysosome-mediated degradation.
      Title: An intracellular activation of Smoothened that is independent of Hedgehog stimulation in Drosophila.
    3. Krz is required for the optimal SUMO protease activity of Ulp1.
      Title: Regulation of Toll signaling and inflammation by β-arrestin and the SUMO protease Ulp1.
    4. the complete elimination of kurtz by genetic techniques has no major consequences in imaginal cells, but, the over-expression of Kurtz in the wing disc causes a phenotype identical to the loss of Hedgehog signalling
      Title: Role of the Drosophila non-visual ß-arrestin kurtz in hedgehog signalling.
    5. Krz can directly bind and sequester an inactive form of ERK, thus preventing its activation by the upstream kinase, MEK.
      Title: β-arrestin Kurtz inhibits MAPK and Toll signalling in Drosophila development.
    6. Kurtz is a functional arrestin and translocates to the plasma membrane upon receptor activation.
      Title: Functional characterization of kurtz, a Drosophila non-visual arrestin, reveals conservation of GPCR desensitization mechanisms.
    7. Exploratory activity in Drosophila requires the kurtz nonvisual arrestin.
      Title: Exploratory activity in Drosophila requires the kurtz nonvisual arrestin.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor internalization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in locomotory exploration behavior IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of MAPK cascade IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of torso signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein desumoylation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein desumoylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein destabilization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    kurtz
    Names
    CG1487-PA
    CG1487-PB
    beta-arrestin
    beta-arrestin-2
    krz-PA
    krz-PB
    kurtz-arrestin
    kurz

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      32045314..32051993 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_080249.5 → NP_524988.1  kurtz, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524988.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9V393
      Related
      FBpp0085236
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart01017
      Location:233 → 393
      Arrestin_C; Arrestin (or S-antigen), C-terminal domain
      cl22903
      Location:59 → 214
      Arrestin_N; Arrestin (or S-antigen), N-terminal domain

    2. NM_001260471.2 → NP_001247400.1  kurtz, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001247400.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9V393
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart01017
      Location:233 → 393
      Arrestin_C; Arrestin (or S-antigen), C-terminal domain
      cl22903
      Location:59 → 214
      Arrestin_N; Arrestin (or S-antigen), N-terminal domain
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9V393 Q9V393

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