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    STM KNOX/ELK homeobox transcription factor [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 842534, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    STM
    Official Full Name
    KNOX/ELK homeobox transcription factor
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT1G62360
    Locus tag
    AT1G62360
    See related
    Araport:AT1G62360
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    BUM; BUM1; BUMBERSHOOT; BUMBERSHOOT 1; F24O1.38; F24O1_38; HOMEOBOX PROTEIN SHOOTMERISTEMLESS; SHL; SHOOT MERISTEMLESS; SHOOTLESS; WALDMEISTER; WALDMEISTER 1; WAM; WAM1
    Summary
    Class I knotted-like homeodomain protein that is required for shoot apical meristem (SAM) formation during embryogenesis and for SAM function throughout the lifetime of the plant. Functions by preventing incorporation of cells in the meristem center into differentiating organ primordia.
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    Genomic context

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    See STM in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    4
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (23058582..23062063, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene PA-domain containing subtilase family protein Neighboring gene Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) superfamily protein Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene RING/U-box superfamily protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003070.9

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Condensation of STM is critical for shoot meristem maintenance and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. Cao X, et al. Mol Plant, 2023 Sep 4. PMID 37674313
    2. The WUSCHEL and SHOOTMERISTEMLESS genes fulfil complementary roles in Arabidopsis shoot meristem regulation. Lenhard M, et al. Development, 2002 Jul. PMID 12070094
    3. Regulation of CLV3 expression by two homeobox genes in Arabidopsis. Brand U, et al. Plant Physiol, 2002 Jun. PMID 12068101, Free PMC Article
    4. The KNOX gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS is required for the development of reproductive meristematic tissues in Arabidopsis. Scofield S, et al. Plant J, 2007 Jun. PMID 17461793
    5. Regulation of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS genes via an upstream-conserved noncoding sequence coordinates leaf development. Uchida N, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007 Oct 2. PMID 17898165, Free PMC Article

    See all (37) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Sugar signaling modulates SHOOT MERISTEMLESS expression and meristem function in Arabidopsis.
      Title: Sugar signaling modulates SHOOT MERISTEMLESS expression and meristem function in Arabidopsis.
    2. Condensation of STM is critical for shoot meristem maintenance and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.
      Title: Condensation of STM is critical for shoot meristem maintenance and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.
    3. A sustained CYCLINB1;1 and STM expression in the neoplastic tissues induced by Rhodococcus fascians on Arabidopsis underlies the persistence of the leafy gall structure.
      Title: A sustained CYCLINB1;1 and STM expression in the neoplastic tissues induced by Rhodococcus fascians on Arabidopsis underlies the persistence of the leafy gall structure.
    4. FTIP3/4 prevent intracellular trafficking of a key regulator, SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM), to the plasma membrane in cells in the peripheral shoot meristem region.
      Title: FTIP-Dependent STM Trafficking Regulates Shoot Meristem Development in Arabidopsis.
    5. The contribution of gene repression to reproductive primordium initiation is poorly understood. Here we show that downregulation of the STM pluripotency gene promotes initiation of flowers and uncover the mechanism for STM silencing.
      Title: Auxin Response Factors promote organogenesis by chromatin-mediated repression of the pluripotency gene SHOOTMERISTEMLESS.
    6. STM activates expression of the CUC1-targeting microRNA miR164c combined with mathematical modelling provides a potential solution for this apparent contradiction, demonstrating that these proposed regulatory interactions coupled with STM mobility could be sufficient to provide a mechanism for CUC1 localisation at the meristem-organ boundary.
      Title: Coordination of meristem and boundary functions by transcription factors in the SHOOT MERISTEMLESS regulatory network.
    7. These observations suggest that the MYB96-STM module contributes to enhancing plant tolerance to drought stress.
      Title: Increased STM expression is associated with drought tolerance in Arabidopsis.
    8. The authors test and demonstrate that STM expression is induced after micromechanical perturbations.
      Title: Mechanical stress contributes to the expression of the STM homeobox gene in Arabidopsis shoot meristems.
    9. The ELK domain has a role in the posttranslational regulation of STM by affecting the nuclear localization of STM.
      Title: Transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational regulation of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS gene expression in Arabidopsis determines gene function in the shoot apex.
    10. In the cambium, KNAT1 and STM, contrary to their function in the shoot apical meristem, promote cell differentiation through repression of BOP genes.
      Title: Class I KNOX transcription factors promote differentiation of cambial derivatives into xylem fibers in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_104916.4

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein homodimerization activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within carpel development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cytokinin biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within floral meristem determinacy IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of meristem structural organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within stem cell population maintenance TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    colocalizes_with cytoplasm IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in endosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in microtubule cytoskeleton IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasmodesma IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasmodesma ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    KNOX/ELK homeobox transcription factor
    NP_176426.1
    • SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: KNOX2 (InterPro:IPR005541), ELK (InterPro:IPR005539), Homeobox (InterPro:IPR001356), Homeobox, conserved site (InterPro:IPR017970), KNOX1 (InterPro:IPR005540), Homeodomain-like (InterPro:IPR009057), Homeodomain-related (InterPro:IPR012287); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: KNOTTED-like from Arabidopsis thaliana (TAIR:AT4G08150.1); Has 6066 Blast hits to 6064 proteins in 384 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 1706; Fungi - 298; Plants - 3900; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 162 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

      Range
      23058582..23062063 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_104916.4 → NP_176426.1  KNOX/ELK homeobox transcription factor [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_176426.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q38874, Q8RXJ1, Q9MAV3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178WBW0, A0A5S9WNN4
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      pfam03789
      Location:262 → 283
      ELK; ELK domain
      pfam03790
      Location:121 → 156
      KNOX1; KNOX1 domain
      pfam03791
      Location:173 → 216
      KNOX2; KNOX2 domain
      pfam05920
      Location:302 → 341
      Homeobox_KN; Homeobox KN domain
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q38874.2

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