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    EPF2 Putative membrane lipoprotein [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 840324, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    EPF2
    Official Full Name
    Putative membrane lipoprotein
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT1G34245
    Locus tag
    AT1G34245
    See related
    Araport:AT1G34245
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2
    Summary
    Encodes a secretory peptide EPF2 expressed in proliferating cells of the stomatal lineage, known as meristemoids, and in guard mother cells, the progenitors of stomata. Controls asymmetric cell divisions during stomatal development. EPF2 is related to EPF1, also involved in stomatal development. Its transcript levels change after inducing MUTE expression in a mute background.
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    Genomic context

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    See EPF2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    3
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (12472868..12473974)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene FORMS APLOID AND BINUCLEATE CELLS 1A

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003070.9

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Bna.EPF2 Enhances Drought Tolerance by Regulating Stomatal Development and Stomatal Size in Brassica napus. Jiao P, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Apr 28. PMID 37175713, Free PMC Article
    2. Genetic manipulation of stomatal density influences stomatal size, plant growth and tolerance to restricted water supply across a growth carbon dioxide gradient. Doheny-Adams T, et al. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2012 Feb 19. PMID 22232766, Free PMC Article
    3. Overproduction of stomatal lineage cells in Arabidopsis mutants defective in active DNA demethylation. Yamamuro C, et al. Nat Commun, 2014 Jun 5. PMID 24898766, Free PMC Article
    4. The signaling peptide EPF2 controls asymmetric cell divisions during stomatal development. Hunt L, et al. Curr Biol, 2009 May 26. PMID 19398336
    5. Evolutionary relationship and structural characterization of the EPF/EPFL gene family. Takata N, et al. PLoS One, 2013. PMID 23755192, Free PMC Article

    See all (11) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Bna.EPF2 Enhances Drought Tolerance by Regulating Stomatal Development and Stomatal Size in Brassica napus.
      Title: Bna.EPF2 Enhances Drought Tolerance by Regulating Stomatal Development and Stomatal Size in Brassica napus.
    2. In a ROS1 mutant, the promoter region of the peptide ligand gene EPF2 is hypermethylated, which reduces EPF2 expression and leads to overproduction of stomatal lineage cells.
      Title: Overproduction of stomatal lineage cells in Arabidopsis mutants defective in active DNA demethylation.
    3. Stomagen (also called EPF-LIKE9) peptide, which promotes stomatal development, requires ERECTA (ER)-family receptor kinases and interferes with the inhibition of stomatal development by the EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2 (EPF2)-ER module
      Title: Competitive binding of antagonistic peptides fine-tunes stomatal patterning.
    4. EPF1/EPF2-like proteins form an additional disulfide bond in their loop regions and show greater flexibility in these regions than EPFL9/Stomagen-like peptides.
      Title: Evolutionary relationship and structural characterization of the EPF/EPFL gene family.
    5. the secreted protease CRSP, which cleaves the pro-peptide EPF2, in turn repressing stomatal development
      Title: Carbonic anhydrases, EPF2 and a novel protease mediate CO2 control of stomatal development.
    6. EPF1 and EPF2 are able to activate the MAP kinase MPK6, and that both EPF1 and EPF2 are able to decrease the SPCH level, whereas stomagen is able to increase it.
      Title: Differential effects of the peptides Stomagen, EPF1 and EPF2 on activation of MAP kinase MPK6 and the SPCH protein level.
    7. Calculation of the number of stomata per leaf and leaf size showed that plants lacking EPF2 and EPFL9 had a higher proportion of non-stomatal epidermal cells.
      Title: Genetic manipulation of stomatal density influences stomatal size, plant growth and tolerance to restricted water supply across a growth carbon dioxide gradient.
    8. Results suggest that EPF2 is expressed earlier in leaf development than EPF1 and is involved in determining the number of cells that enter, and remain in, the stomatal lineage. [EPF2]
      Title: The signaling peptide EPF2 controls asymmetric cell divisions during stomatal development.
    9. EPF2 is a small secretory peptide expressed in meristemoid mother cells and regulates epidermal cell density. [EPF2]
      Title: Epidermal cell density is autoregulated via a secretory peptide, EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2 in Arabidopsis leaves.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    NM_103147.3

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein kinase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within guard cell differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of stomatal complex development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within plant epidermis morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within stomatal complex development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    Putative membrane lipoprotein
    NP_564442.1
    • EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2 (EPF2); FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown; INVOLVED IN: stomatal complex development, guard cell differentiation; LOCATED IN: endomembrane system; EXPRESSED IN: 15 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 9 growth stages; BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: unknown protein (TAIR:AT1G71866.1); Has 42 Blast hits to 42 proteins in 9 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 0; Fungi - 0; Plants - 42; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

      Range
      12472868..12473974
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_103147.3 → NP_564442.1  Putative membrane lipoprotein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_564442.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8LC53
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178W1B4, A0A178W2V8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam17181
      Location:70 → 116
      EPF; Epidermal patterning factor proteins
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8LC53.1

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