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    HPY2 RING/U-box superfamily protein [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 820746, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    HPY2
    Official Full Name
    RING/U-box superfamily protein
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT3G15150
    Locus tag
    AT3G15150
    See related
    Araport:AT3G15150
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    A. THALIANA METHYL METHANE SULFONATE SENSITIVITY 21; ATMMS21; HIGH PLOIDY2; METHYL METHANE SULFONATE SENSITIVITY 2; MMS21
    Summary
    Encodes a SUMO E3 ligase that regulates endocycle onset and meristem maintenance.
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    Genomic context

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    See HPY2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 3
    Exon count:
    7
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 3; NC_003074.8 (5101844..5104159, complement)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_003074.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein Neighboring gene Tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-like superfamily protein Neighboring gene Polynucleotidyl transferase, ribonuclease H-like superfamily protein Neighboring gene AP-5 complex subunit zeta-1 Neighboring gene NAC (No Apical Meristem) domain transcriptional regulator superfamily protein

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003074.8

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 is required for normal meiosis and gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. Liu M, et al. BMC Plant Biol, 2014 Jun 3. PMID 24893774, Free PMC Article
    2. SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 regulates drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana(F). Zhang S, et al. J Integr Plant Biol, 2013 Jan. PMID 23231763
    3. Arabidopsis SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 regulates root meristem development. Zhang S, et al. Plant Signal Behav, 2010 Jan. PMID 20592809, Free PMC Article
    4. SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21-dependent SUMOylation of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 17 regulates auxin signaling. Zhang C, et al. Plant Physiol, 2023 Mar 17. PMID 36464768, Free PMC Article
    5. A SUMO ligase AtMMS21 regulates activity of the 26S proteasome in root development. Yu M, et al. Plant Sci, 2019 Mar. PMID 30824010

    See all (13) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21-dependent SUMOylation of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 17 regulates auxin signaling.
      Title: SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21-dependent SUMOylation of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 17 regulates auxin signaling.
    2. The authors showed a novel mechanism that a SUMO ligase AtMMS21 regulates activity of the 26S proteasome in root development of Arabidopsis. The in vitro and in vivo data supported that AtMMS21 interacts with RPT2a, a subunit of the 26S proteasome.
      Title: A SUMO ligase AtMMS21 regulates activity of the 26S proteasome in root development.
    3. Data show that mutants of Brahma (BRM) and AtMMS21 displayed a similar defect in root development.
      Title: A SUMO Ligase AtMMS21 Regulates the Stability of the Chromatin Remodeler BRAHMA in Root Development.
    4. Mutation of AtMMS21 increased sensitivity to DNA damaging agents and the constitutive activation of DNA damage response in mms21-1 may be mediated by ATM.
      Title: AtMMS21 regulates DNA damage response and homologous recombination repair in Arabidopsis.
    5. AtMMS21 mediated SUMOylation may stabilize the expression and accumulation of meiotic proteins and affect gametophyte development.
      Title: SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 is required for normal meiosis and gametophyte development in Arabidopsis.
    6. These data reveal that AtMMS21 acts in DNA double-strand breaks amelioration and stem cell niche maintenance during Arabidopsis root development.
      Title: AtMMS21, an SMC5/6 complex subunit, is involved in stem cell niche maintenance and DNA damage responses in Arabidopsis roots.
    7. conclude that MMS21 plays a role in the drought stress response, likely through regulation of gene expression in an ABA-dependent pathway
      Title: SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 regulates drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana(F).
    8. SIZ1 and HPY2 function independently and that their combined SUMOylation is essential for plant development
      Title: MMS21/HPY2 and SIZ1, two Arabidopsis SUMO E3 ligases, have distinct functions in development.
    9. Arabidopsis SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 is involved in apical root meristem development. [MMS21]
      Title: Arabidopsis SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21 regulates root meristem development.
    10. AtMMS21 is an important regulator of cell proliferation and cytokinin signalling during root development.
      Title: The Arabidopsis SUMO E3 ligase AtMMS21, a homologue of NSE2/MMS21, regulates cell proliferation in the root.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_112378.3

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables SUMO transferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA damage response IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of DNA endoreduplication IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cytokinin-activated signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein sumoylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein sumoylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of meristem development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of root meristem growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of Smc5-Smc6 complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    RING/U-box superfamily protein
    NP_188133.2
    • HIGH PLOIDY2 (HPY2); Has 268 Blast hits to 268 proteins in 104 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 139; Fungi - 53; Plants - 46; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 30 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003074.8 Reference assembly

      Range
      5101844..5104159 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_112378.3 → NP_188133.2  RING/U-box superfamily protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_188133.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8GYH7, Q9LIM0
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VCB3, A0A5S9XC95, A0A7G2EIM7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd16651
      Location:157 → 225
      SPL-RING_NSE2; SPL-RING finger found in E3 SUMO-protein ligase NSE2 and similar proteins
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8GYH7.1

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