Tor2a torsin family 2, member A [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Tor2aprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: torsin family 2, member Aprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:1359111
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000022514 AllianceGenome:RGD:1359111
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Predicted to enable hormone activity and identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling; positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport; and vasopressin secretion. Predicted to be located in extracellular region. Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum lumen and nuclear envelope. Orthologous to human TOR2A (torsin family 2 member A). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Kidney (RPKM 98.0), Liver (RPKM 85.0) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 3p11

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	3	NC_086021.1 (36446260..36450339)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	3	NC_051338.1 (16048591..16053198)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	3	NC_005102.4 (11794731..11800261)

Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Upregulated expression of a TOR2A gene product-salusin-beta in the paraventricular nucleus enhances sympathetic activity and cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats with chronic heart failure induced by coronary artery ligation.
Title: Upregulated expression of a TOR2A gene product-salusin-β in the paraventricular nucleus enhances sympathetic activity and cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats with chronic heart failure induced by coronary artery ligation.
Antiinflammatory effect of salusinbeta knockdown on LPSactivated alveolar macrophages via NFkappaB inhibition and HO1 activation.
Title: Anti‑inflammatory effect of salusin‑β knockdown on LPS‑activated alveolar macrophages via NF‑κB inhibition and HO‑1 activation.
Here, the authors show that the beta-chain of ATP synthase is a cell surface receptor for salusin-beta
Title: Identification of the salusin-β receptor using proteoliposomes embedded with endogenous membrane proteins.
These results indicate that silencing salusin-beta attenuates hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Title: Silencing salusin-β attenuates cardiovascular remodeling and hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
salusin-beta may be important in the vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neointima of some vascular diseases.
Title: Salusin-β Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Intimal Hyperplasia After Vascular Injury via ROS/NFκB/MMP-9 Pathway.
Salusin-beta suppresses angiogenesis which is critical in the development of cardiac remodeling following ischemia reperfusion injury.
Title: Anti-salusin-β antibody enhances angiogenesis after myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.
Salusin-beta in the paraventricular nucleus increases blood pressure, heart rate, and sympathetic outflow via both circulating AVP and AVP in the rostral ventrolateral medulla in hypertensive rats.
Title: Salusin-β in paraventricular nucleus increases blood pressure and sympathetic outflow via vasopressin in hypertensive rats.
Salusin-beta may be involved in the regulation of body fluid balance by stimulating neurohypophyseal hormone release from nerve endings by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.
Title: Chronic osmotic stimuli increase salusin-beta-like immunoreactivity in the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system: possible involvement of salusin-beta on [Ca2+]i increase and neurohypophyseal hormone release from the axon terminals.
rat salusin is immunologically similar to human salusin-beta and widely expressed, especially in the immune, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems and mainly in endocrine- and hematopoietic-derived cells
Title: Systemic distribution of salusin expression in the rat.

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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ATP hydrolysis activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hormone activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell-cell signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vasopressin secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in endomembrane system	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular region	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in nuclear envelope	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: torsin-2A

Names: prosalusin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.