DCPS decapping enzyme, scavenger [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: DCPSprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: decapping enzyme, scavengerprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:29812
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000110063 MIM:610534; AllianceGenome:HGNC:29812
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ARS; DCS1; HSL1; HINT5; HINT-5; HSPC015
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the histidine triad family of pyrophosphatases that removes short mRNA fragments containing the 5′ mRNA cap structure, which appear in the 3′ → 5′ mRNA decay pathway, following deadenylation and exosome-mediated turnover. This enzyme hydrolyzes the triphosphate linkage of the cap structure (7-methylguanosine nucleoside triphosphate) to yield 7-methylguanosine monophosphate and nucleoside diphosphate. It protects the cell from the potentially toxic accumulation of these short, capped mRNA fragments, and regulates the activity of other cap-binding proteins, which are inhibited by their accumulation. It also acts as a transcript-specific modulator of pre-mRNA splicing and microRNA turnover. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2017]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 6.1), gall bladder (RPKM 5.3) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11q24.2

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	11	NC_000011.10 (126304060..126350005)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	11	NC_060935.1 (126335487..126381408)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	11	NC_000011.9 (126173955..126219900)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Leukoencephalopathy in Al-Raqad syndrome: Expanding the clinical and neuroimaging features caused by a biallelic novel missense variant in DCPS.
Title: Leukoencephalopathy in Al-Raqad syndrome: Expanding the clinical and neuroimaging features caused by a biallelic novel missense variant in DCPS.
Molecular basis of the selective processing of short mRNA substrates by the DcpS mRNA decapping enzyme.
Title: Molecular basis of the selective processing of short mRNA substrates by the DcpS mRNA decapping enzyme.
Data show that decapping scavenger enzyme DcpS (DcpS) is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein that activates microRNA (miRNA) degradation.
Title: The human decapping scavenger enzyme DcpS modulates microRNA turnover.
In DcpS, conformational change is dominated by an anti-symmetric cooperative motion, causing one active site to close as the other opens; however a symmetric motion is also significant.
Title: Structure and Function in Homodimeric Enzymes: Simulations of Cooperative and Independent Functional Motions.
In vitro decapping assays showed that altered EDC3 is unable to enhance DCP2 decapping at low concentrations and even inhibits DCP2 decapping at high concentration.
Title: Mutations in DCPS and EDC3 in autosomal recessive intellectual disability indicate a crucial role for mRNA decapping in neurodevelopment.
DCPS and more generally RNA catabolism, are critical for neurological development, normal cognition and organismal homeostasis in humans.
Title: Loss of the scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme DCPS causes syndromic intellectual disability with neuromuscular defects.
data demonstrate that DcpS in conjunction with Xrn1 has the potential to regulate RNA stability in a transcript-selective manner in mammalian cells
Title: DcpS is a transcript-specific modulator of RNA in mammalian cells.
Data established that DcpS, a key enzyme in mRNA decay, is a new target of DeltaLf transcriptional activity.
Title: Proteomic approach to the identification of novel delta-lactoferrin target genes: Characterization of DcpS, an mRNA scavenger decapping enzyme.
biochemical analysis of the dynamic and mutually exclusive cap hydrolysis activity of the two cap binding sites of DcpS
Title: Mechanistic and kinetic analysis of the DcpS scavenger decapping enzyme.
These studies demonstrate that the significance of DcpS extends beyond its well-characterized role in mRNA decay and involves a broader range of functions in RNA processing including nuclear pre-mRNA splicing.
Title: DcpS scavenger decapping enzyme can modulate pre-mRNA splicing.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Al-Raqad syndrome MedGen: C4085595 OMIM: 616459 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs

Variation

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See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

A008S31 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:56838

HSC1IE112 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21327

SHGC-34118 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:5224

G20363 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:34675

A005N41 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:34676

A005D35 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37564

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 5'-(N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-[mRNA] diphosphatase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA exonuclease activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in deadenylation-dependent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in mRNA methylguanosine-cap decapping	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in P-body	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in mitochondrion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: m7GpppX diphosphatase

Names: 5'-(N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-[mRNA] diphosphatase; decapping scavenger enzyme; epididymis secretory sperm binding protein; heat shock-like protein 1; hint-related 7meGMP-directed hydrolase; histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 5; histidine triad protein member 5; homolog of C. elegans 7meGMP-directed hydrolase dcs-1; mRNA decapping enzyme; scavenger mRNA-decapping enzyme DcpS

NP_001337165.1

EC 3.6.1.59

NP_054745.1

EC 3.6.1.59

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_053153.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5760..51705

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001350236.2 → NP_001337165.1 m7GpppX diphosphatase isoform 1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AF532613, AP001318, AY040771, BE382749, BM998313

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q53G42

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl27009
Location:47 → 336

DcpS; Scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme (DcpS) N-terminal
NM_014026.6 → NP_054745.1 m7GpppX diphosphatase isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_054745.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF532613, AP001318, AY040771, BE382749, BM998313

Consensus CDS

CCDS8473.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8NHL8, Q96C86, Q9Y2S5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A384MTI8, Q53G42

Related

ENSP00000263579.4, ENST00000263579.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

COG5075
Location:47 → 329

COG5075; Uncharacterized conserved protein [Function unknown]