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    POLR2D RNA polymerase II subunit D [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5433, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    POLR2Dprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    RNA polymerase II subunit Dprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9191
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000144231 MIM:606017; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9191
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    RBP4; RPB4; RPB16; HSRBP4; HSRPB4
    Summary
    This gene encodes the fourth largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. In yeast, this polymerase subunit is associated with the polymerase under suboptimal growth conditions and may have a stress protective role. A sequence for a ribosomal pseudogene is contained within the 3' untranslated region of the transcript from this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in testis (RPKM 27.2), lymph node (RPKM 9.2) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See POLR2D in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2q14.3
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (127843553..127858155, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (128278790..128293413, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (128601127..128615729, complement)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907885 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16505 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3858 silencer Neighboring gene ZFP91 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 395, pseudogene Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S26 pseudogene 19 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 16506 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11937 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985803 Neighboring gene AMMECR1 like Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11938 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:128643401-128643996 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11941 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985944

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The transcription factors and kinases c-Jun, JNK, MEK, p38 MAPK, STAT-3, JAK-1, TFII D, TFII F, eIF-4E, and RNA polymerase II are induced by HIV-1 gp120 PubMed
    Tat tat The interaction of Tip110 with HIV-1 Tat leads to a higher efficiency of elongation for RNAPII complexes formed on the LTR promoter PubMed
    tat Expression of both Tip110 and Tat enhances phosphorylation of RNAPII at both serine 2 and serine 5, which account for Tip110 function in transcription activation PubMed
    tat The interaction of Tip110 with HIV-1 Tat and the RNAPII C-terminal domain leads to the recruitment of increased CDK9/CycT1 to the transcription complex PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat complexes with RNA polymerase II and cellular transcription factors as part of the HIV-1 transcription preinitiation and elongation complexes and stimulates RNA polymerase II processivity by inducing the phosphorylation of its C-terminal Domain PubMed
    tat A small molecule compound C3 inhibits HIV-1 replication by suppressing HIV-1 Tat-mediated HIV-1 LTR-driven gene expression and phosphorylation of RNAPII through inhibition of Tat binding to CycT1 PubMed
    tat JQ1, a small molecule inhibitor of Brd4, directly dissociates Brd4 from HIV-1 promoter and promotes subsequently HIV-1 Tat binding to HIV-1 promoter, resulting in increased phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and viral transcription PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat 41/44 peptide TAALS from the core domain of Tat inhibits Tat-mediated HIV-1 gene expression and replication by binding the Cdk2/Cyclin E complex and inhibiting the phosphorylation of serine 5 of RNAPII PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr interacts with basal transcription complexes such as P-TEFb, TFIIH, TFIID (TBP) and TFIIB which activate RNA polymerase II gene transcription PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables nucleotide binding  
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables translation initiation factor binding  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of RNA polymerase II, core complex  
    part_of RNA polymerase II, core complex PubMed 
    located_in cytosol  
    located_in nuclear speck  
    located_in nucleoplasm  
    located_in nucleoplasm  
    located_in nucleus PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4
    Names
    DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 16 kDa polypeptide
    DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit D
    RNA polymerase II 16 kDa subunit
    RNA polymerase II subunit B4
    RNA polymerase II subunit hsRBP4
    RNA polymerase II subunit hsRPB4
    polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide D
    polymerase (RNA) II subunit D
    NP_004796.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_004805.4 → NP_004796.1  DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004796.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA775787, AC006011, BC093795
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2151.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O15514, Q52LT4
      Related
      ENSP00000272645.3, ENST00000272645.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00657
      Location:24 → 141
      RPOL4c; DNA-directed RNA-polymerase II subunit

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      127843553..127858155 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      128278790..128293413 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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