GSTA2 glutathione S-transferase alpha 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GSTA2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: glutathione S-transferase alpha 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:4627
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000244067 MIM:138360; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4627
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GST2; GTA2; GTH2; GSTA2-2
Summary: Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding these enzymes are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of some drugs. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, located in a cluster mapped to chromosome 6, are the most abundantly expressed glutathione S-transferases in liver. In addition to metabolizing bilirubin and certain anti-cancer drugs in the liver, the alpha class of these enzymes exhibit glutathione peroxidase activity thereby protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species and the products of peroxidation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in liver (RPKM 492.6), kidney (RPKM 310.5) and 6 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 6p12.2

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	6	NC_000006.12 (52750087..52763475, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	6	NC_060930.1 (52588869..52602258, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	6	NC_000006.11 (52614885..52628273, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

the GSTA2 S112T polymorphism is predictive of transplant outcome in patients receiving busulfan in the preparative regimen, at least in association with cyclophosphamide.
Title: Glutathione transferase-A2 S112T polymorphism predicts survival, transplant-related mortality, busulfan and bilirubin blood levels after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Data indicate that steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) and glutathione S-transferase A (GSTA) family genes (hGSTA1-hGSTA4) are involved in steroidogenesis.
Title: Human glutathione S-transferase A (GSTA) family genes are regulated by steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) and are involved in steroidogenesis.
By direct resequencing of the 5'-flanking region, all the exons, and their flanking introns for 107 patients, 29 and 27 variants were identified in GSTA1 and GSTA2, respectively.
Title: Genetic variation and haplotype structures of the glutathione S-transferase genes GSTA1 and GSTA2 in Japanese colorectal cancer patients.
Single nucleotide polymorphism in GSTA2 is associated with low-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Title: Systematic evaluation of genetic variants in three biological pathways on patient survival in low-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Even with typical substrates, the astonishing concentration of glutathione transferase present in hepatocytes, causes an unusual "inverted" kinetics whereby the classical trends of v versus E and v versus S are reversed
Title: The extended catalysis of glutathione transferase.
it is unlikely that glutathione S-transferases GSTA2, GSTM2, GSTO1, GSTO2, and GSTZ1 participate in breast cancer susceptibility.
Title: No evidence for glutathione S-transferases GSTA2, GSTM2, GSTO1, GSTO2, and GSTZ1 in breast cancer risk.
studied the five known allelic variants of human glutathione transferase A2-2 (GST A2-2) (EC 2.5.1.18), abundantly expressed in liver and efficiently catalyzing the bioactivation of azathioprine to release 6-mercaptopurine
Title: Differences among allelic variants of human glutathione transferase A2-2 in the activation of azathioprine.
The 3D structures of human GSTs A2-2 and A3-3 in complex with Delta(4)-androstene-3-17-dione, were solved.
Title: Structural basis for featuring of steroid isomerase activity in alpha class glutathione transferases.
Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study.
no association was observed between individual GSTA2 polymorphisms and haplotypes and individual susceptibility to breast cancer.
Title: The role of GSTA2 polymorphisms and haplotypes in breast cancer susceptibility: a case-control study in the Portuguese population.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

G66730 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166943

G66731 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166944

G66732 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166945

G66733 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:166946

SGC38393 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:78393

RH103277 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:97609

RH1516 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21328

D6S1896 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:2911

RH71356 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:76642

GSTA2_2506 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:280745

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables glutathione transferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glutathione transferase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in epithelial cell differentiation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in xenobiotic metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glutathione S-transferase A2

Names: GST HA subunit 2; GST class-alpha member 2; GST-gamma; S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A2; glutathione S-alkyltransferase A2; glutathione S-aralkyltransferase A2; glutathione S-aryltransferase A2; liver GST2; testis tissue sperm-binding protein Li 59n

NP_000837.3

EC 2.5.1.18

XP_047274640.1

EC 2.5.1.18

XP_054211232.1

EC 2.5.1.18

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_029430.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5089..18477

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000846.5 → NP_000837.3 glutathione S-transferase A2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000837.3

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AK292602, AL109918, BC002895, BU685446

Consensus CDS

CCDS4944.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09210, Q12759, Q16491, Q9NTY6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A140VKE2, A8K987, B2R920

Related

ENSP00000420168.1, ENST00000493422.3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

PTZ00057
Location:1 → 198

PTZ00057; glutathione s-transferase; Provisional

cd03208
Location:86 → 220

GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases

cd03077
Location:4 → 82

GST_N_Alpha; GST_N family, Class Alpha subfamily; GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic alkylating agents, including carcinogens, ...