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    HLA-DMB major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3109, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    HLA-DMBprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM betaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4935
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000242574 MIM:142856; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4935
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    RING7; D6S221E
    Summary
    HLA-DMB belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DMA) and a beta (DMB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It is located in intracellular vesicles. DM plays a central role in the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules by helping to release the CLIP (class II-associated invariant chain peptide) molecule from the peptide binding site. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 104.0), spleen (RPKM 76.5) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See HLA-DMB in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6p21.32
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (32934636..32941028, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (32755985..32762378, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (32902413..32908805, complement)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 2 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100294145 Neighboring gene major histocompatibility complex, class I, Z (pseudogene) Neighboring gene meiotic recombination hotspot DMB2 Neighboring gene meiotic recombination hotspot DMB1 Neighboring gene major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM alpha Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901302 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:32935448-32935987

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV envelope protein gp120 can specifically inhibit CD4-dependent class II MHC-restricted T cell response to Ag PubMed
    env Amino acid residues 42-49 in the V1 region of CD4 are involved in the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env Processing of HIV-1 gp160 to gp120 and gp41 is necessary for the association of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with class II MHC PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env Soluble HIV-1 gp41 can selectively enhance MHC class I and II expression on human B cells, but does not increase expression of other cell surface antigens such as CD21 and CD54 (ICAM-1) PubMed
    env Soluble HIV-1 gp41 enhancement effects on MHC class I and II antigen expression can be inhibited by soluble gp41-binding proteins of 45, 49 and 62 kD from human B cells PubMed
    env A 43-amino-acid sequence between amino acids 708 and 750 in the HIV-1 gp41(TM) cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient incorporation of HLA class II proteins into virions PubMed
    Nef nef Expression of patient-derived HIV-1 nef alleles downregulates MHC-II cell surface expression in activated CD4+ T cells PubMed
    nef HIV-1 group N and group O Nef alleles only weakly downregulate CD4, CD28, and class I and II MHC molecules PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef expression inhibits MHC II presentation of viral antigens in infected antigen-presenting cells PubMed
    nef Nef-triggered MHCII endocytosis requires Rab5 activity and lyst function, whereas lysosomal trafficking of internalized MHCII molecules requires Rab7 activity PubMed
    Pr55(Gag) gag HIV-1 Gag virus-like particles efficiently activate human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) and induce MDDC maturation with an associated increase in the surface expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC classes I and II PubMed
    gag Two peptides of the CA domain of HIV-1 Gag, VDRFYKTLRAEQASQ and DRFYKLTRAEQASQ, are presented on MHC II molecules of dendritic cells and have similar sensitivity for antigen-specific T cells PubMed
    gag HIV-1 Gag virus-like particle-induced monocyte activation is shown by upregulation of molecules involved in antigen presentation (MHC II, CD80, CD86) and cell adhesion (CD54) PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat downregulates expression of MHC class II genes in antigen-presenting cells (APC) by inhibiting the transactivator of MHC class II genes, CIITA PubMed
    Vpu vpu HIV-1 Vpu interacts with CD74 and modulates MHC II in HIV-1-infected cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables MHC class II protein complex binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables MHC class II protein complex binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables peptide antigen binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of MHC class II protein complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    part_of MHC class II protein complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    is_active_in late endosome membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in late endosome membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    is_active_in lysosomal membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in lysosomal membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in lysosomal membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain
    Names
    MHC class II HLA-DMB
    MHC class II antigen DMB
    MHC class II antigen HLA-DM beta chain
    class II histocompatibility antigen, M beta chain
    really interesting new gene 7 protein

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_002118.5NP_002109.2  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002109.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      CD742571, EL948395, U15085
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4760.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O77936, P28068, Q13012, Q29751, Q58ZE2, Q5SNZ8, Q5STC4, Q9XRX2
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A1V0E3P2, X5CKA5
      Related
      ENSP00000398890.2, ENST00000418107.3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05766
      Location:115209
      IgC_MHC_II_beta; Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) beta chain immunoglobulin domain
      pfam00969
      Location:27106
      MHC_II_beta; Class II histocompatibility antigen, beta domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      32934636..32941028 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

    Genomic

    1. NT_167244.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

      Range
      4239481..4245873 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_2

    Genomic

    1. NT_113891.3 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_2

      Range
      4346831..4353223 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_3

    Genomic

    1. NT_167245.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_3

      Range
      4178165..4184557 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_4

    Genomic

    1. NT_167246.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_4

      Range
      4354004..4360396 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_5

    Genomic

    1. NT_167247.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_5

      Range
      4233679..4240071 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_6

    Genomic

    1. NT_167248.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_6

      Range
      4128944..4135335 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_7

    Genomic

    1. NT_167249.2 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_7

      Range
      4333869..4340261 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      32755985..32762378 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)