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    CD59 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 966, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CD59provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:1689
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000085063 MIM:107271; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1689
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    1F5; EJ16; EJ30; EL32; G344; MIN1; MIN2; MIN3; MIRL; HRF20; MACIF; MEM43; MIC11; MSK21; 16.3A5; HRF-20; MAC-IP; p18-20
    Summary
    This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that regulates complement-mediated cell lysis, and it is involved in lymphocyte signal transduction. This protein is a potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex, whereby it binds complement C8 and/or C9 during the assembly of this complex, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of multiple copies of C9 into the complex, which is necessary for osmolytic pore formation. This protein also plays a role in signal transduction pathways in the activation of T cells. Mutations in this gene cause CD59 deficiency, a disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and thrombosis, and which causes cerebral infarction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in gall bladder (RPKM 62.1), lung (RPKM 52.8) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See CD59 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    11p13
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (33703010..33736479, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (33840023..33873492, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (33724556..33758025, complement)

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3232 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3233 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3234 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4575 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4576 Neighboring gene homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3235 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3236 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3237 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3238 Neighboring gene KIAA1549 like Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4577 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4578 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4579 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4580 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4581 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:33667485-33667984 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:33666983-33667484 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105376617 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr11:33676703-33677902 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4582 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr11:33711673-33712872 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3239 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3240 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4583 Neighboring gene chromosome 11 open reading frame 91 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4584 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3241 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4585 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12829 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:33795080-33795580 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3243 Neighboring gene F-box protein 3 Neighboring gene FBXO3 divergent transcript

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    HIV-1 replication requires CD59 as cells lacking CD59 did not support efficient viral replication PubMed

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 Env (gp120) co-localizes with human CD59 in lipid rafts on the surface of Jurkat cells PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 co-localizes with human CD59 in lipid rafts on the surface of ACH-2 cells upon provirus activation PubMed
    env The complement regulatory proteins CD55 (DAF) and CD59 (HRF20) exist on HIV-1 virions, along with HIV-1 gp120 molecules, suggesting an interaction between these proteins and gp120 PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 induces CD4 association with lymphocyte surface molecules CD3, CD11a, CD27, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD45RO, CD49d, CD38, CD26, CD59, CD95 and class I MHC molecules PubMed
    env Treatment of CD4+ T cells with HIV-1 gp120 significantly increases CD4 association with CD3, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD59, CD38, CD26 and HLA class I, and decreases that with CD45RC PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A peptide corresponding to the amino acids 598-613 of HIV-1 gp41, as well as recombinant gp41 protein, markedly reduce CD59 levels in a dose dependent manner in human neuronal and glial cells PubMed
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef induces release of CD59 (MAL-dependent exosome marker) from Jurkat T cells transfected with DNA constructs coding for Nef-GFP PubMed
    Pr55(Gag) gag HIV-1 Gag P99A mutation reduces its co-localization with tetraspanin-enriched microdomain marker CD81 and lipid raft marker CD59 PubMed
    gag HIV Gag proteins adopt a ring-like supramolecular organization at sites of intercellular contacts and co-localize with CD63 tetraspanin and raft components GM1, Thy-1, and CD59 PubMed
    gag The highly basic region (HBR) of HIV-1 MA promotes Gag association with specific UDMs containing PSGL-1, CD43, and CD59 PubMed
    gag The Matrix protein of HIV-1 Gag colocalizes with CD59 in lipid rafts, the site of virus particle budding from cells, and CD59 is incorporated into virus particles as a result of this process PubMed
    matrix gag The highly basic region (HBR) of HIV-1 MA promotes Gag association with specific UDMs containing PSGL-1, CD43, and CD59 PubMed
    gag HIV-1 Matrix co-localizes with CD59 in lipid rafts, the site of virus particle budding from cells, and CD59 is incorporated into virus particles as a result of this process PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • MGC2354, FLJ38134, FLJ92039

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables complement binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    CD59 glycoprotein
    Names
    1F5 antigen
    20 kDa homologous restriction factor
    CD59 antigen p18-20 (antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 16.3A5, EJ16, EJ30, EL32 and G344)
    CD59 blood group antigen
    CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein
    Ly-6-like protein
    MEM43 antigen
    T cell-activating protein
    human leukocyte antigen MIC11
    lymphocytic antigen CD59/MEM43
    membrane attack complex (MAC) inhibition factor
    membrane attack complex inhibition factor
    membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis
    protectin
    surface anitgen recognized by monoclonal antibody 16.3A5

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008057.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5000..38469
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_41

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000611.6NP_000602.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BC001506, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000494884.1, ENST00000642928.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    2. NM_001127223.1NP_001120695.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK309894, AL049629, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000404822.2, ENST00000415002.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    3. NM_001127225.2NP_001120697.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU139541, BM680161, DA840870
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000410182.2, ENST00000437761.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    4. NM_001127226.2NP_001120698.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU139541, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000403511.2, ENST00000445143.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    5. NM_001127227.2NP_001120699.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU139009, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000498448.1, ENST00000652678.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    6. NM_203329.3NP_976074.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, BM680161, DA578905
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000432942.1, ENST00000527577.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    7. NM_203330.2NP_976075.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the same protein as variants 2-8.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BM680161, DA250543
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000498879.1, ENST00000651785.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...
    8. NM_203331.3NP_976076.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BM680161, DA917093
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      E9PR17, P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2U3TZL5, Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000340210.3, ENST00000351554.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:2697
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      33703010..33736479 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      33840023..33873492 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)