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    EXOG exo/endonuclease G [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 9941, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    EXOGprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    exo/endonuclease Gprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:3347
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000157036 MIM:604051; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3347
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ENGL; ENGLA; ENGLB; ENGL-a; ENGL-b; ENDOGL1; ENDOGL2
    Summary
    This gene encodes an endo/exonuclease with 5'-3' exonuclease activity. The encoded enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester linkages at the 5' end of a nucleic acid chain. This enzyme is localized to the mitochondria and may play a role in programmed cell death. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. A pseudogene exists on chromosome 18. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in heart (RPKM 2.2), lymph node (RPKM 1.6) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See EXOG in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3p22.2
    Exon count:
    14
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (38496340..38526303)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (38489424..38532347)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (38537831..38567794)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38388053-38388884 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38388885-38389716 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38415461-38415962 Neighboring gene xylulokinase Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38447285-38447785 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak4613 silencer Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38494963-38495462 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38496067-38496650 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14212 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38496651-38497235 Neighboring gene ACVR2B antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38518043-38518542 Neighboring gene activin A receptor type 2B Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19685 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 19686 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs2266 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38583605-38584141 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs2267 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L18a pseudogene 7 Neighboring gene DDT pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38589324-38590114 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38590115-38590903 Neighboring gene sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs2177 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38623245-38624228 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38656451-38656951 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:38666894-38667075 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38669791-38670290 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38682299-38683042 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38684220-38684730 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:38684731-38685239 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 14214

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (19 hits/1264 screens)

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genetic determinants of P wave duration and PR segment.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Identification of three novel genetic variations associated with electrocardiographic traits (QRS duration and PR interval) in East Asians.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Clone Names

    • MGC125944, MGC125945

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 5'-3' exonuclease activity  
    enables 5'-3' exonuclease activity PubMed 
    enables RNA endonuclease activity  
    enables endonuclease activity PubMed 
    enables endonuclease activity PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding  
    enables nucleic acid binding  
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables single-stranded DNA endodeoxyribonuclease activity  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in apoptotic DNA fragmentation  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in mitochondrial inner membrane  
    located_in mitochondrial inner membrane PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion  
    is_active_in nucleus  
    part_of protein-containing complex PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial
    Names
    endo G-like 1
    endo/exonuclease (5'-3'), endonuclease G-like
    endonuclease G-like 1
    endonuclease G-like 2
    NP_001138936.1
    NP_005098.2
    XP_047305328.1
    XP_047305329.1
    XP_047305330.1
    XP_047305331.1
    XP_047305332.1
    XP_047305333.1
    XP_047305334.1
    XP_047305335.1
    XP_047305336.1
    XP_054204629.1
    XP_054204630.1
    XP_054204631.1
    XP_054204632.1
    XP_054204633.1
    XP_054204634.1
    XP_054204635.1
    XP_054204636.1
    XP_054204637.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001145464.2 → NP_001138936.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform 2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001138936.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA993872, AB020523, AK290107, AK301067, AP006241
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46795.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B3KN09
      Related
      ENSP00000404305.2, ENST00000422077.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00477
      Location:48 → 236
      NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease
    2. NM_005107.4 → NP_005098.2  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005098.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AA993872, AB020523, AK290107, AK301067, AP006241
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2680.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8K242, B4DVG2, Q3SXM9, Q9Y2C4, Q9Y2C8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B3KN09
      Related
      ENSP00000287675.5, ENST00000287675.10
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00477
      Location:77 → 286
      NUC; DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease

    RNA

    1. NR_134938.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (9) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK290107, AK308814, AP006241, W58006
    2. NR_153322.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (10) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    3. NR_153323.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (11) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    4. NR_153324.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (12) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    5. NR_153325.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    6. NR_153326.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    7. NR_153327.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    8. NR_153328.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    9. NR_153329.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241
    10. NR_153330.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) has multiple differences, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AP006241

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      38496340..38526303
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047449374.1 → XP_047305330.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    2. XM_047449372.1 → XP_047305328.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X1

    3. XM_047449375.1 → XP_047305331.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    4. XM_047449373.1 → XP_047305329.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X1

    5. XM_047449376.1 → XP_047305332.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    6. XM_047449377.1 → XP_047305333.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    7. XM_047449378.1 → XP_047305334.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    8. XM_047449379.1 → XP_047305335.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    9. XM_047449380.1 → XP_047305336.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    RNA

    1. XR_940530.4 RNA Sequence

    2. XR_940529.4 RNA Sequence

    3. XR_940528.2 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      38489424..38532347
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054348656.1 → XP_054204631.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    2. XM_054348655.1 → XP_054204630.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X1

    3. XM_054348657.1 → XP_054204632.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    4. XM_054348658.1 → XP_054204633.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    5. XM_054348659.1 → XP_054204634.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    6. XM_054348662.1 → XP_054204637.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      H7C0W6
    7. XM_054348654.1 → XP_054204629.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X1

    8. XM_054348660.1 → XP_054204635.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    9. XM_054348661.1 → XP_054204636.1  nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial isoform X2

    RNA

    1. XR_008486876.1 RNA Sequence

    2. XR_008486875.1 RNA Sequence

    3. XR_008486874.1 RNA Sequence

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