Vkorc1 vitamin K epoxide reductase complex, subunit 1 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Vkorc1provided by RGD
Official Full Name: vitamin K epoxide reductase complex, subunit 1provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:1303107
See related: AllianceGenome:RGD:1303107
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but must be enzymatically activated. This enzymatically activated form of vitamin K is a reduced form required for the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in some blood-clotting proteins. The product of this gene encodes the enzyme that is responsible for reducing vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to the enzymatically activated form. Fatal bleeding can be caused by vitamin K deficiency and by the vitamin K antagonist warfarin, and it is the product of this gene that is sensitive to warfarin. In humans, mutations in this gene can be associated with deficiencies in vitamin-K-dependent clotting factors and, in humans and rats, with warfarin resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 765.3), Kidney (RPKM 255.5) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q37

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	1	NC_086019.1 (191932969..191935490, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	1	NC_051336.1 (182502491..182505012, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	1	NC_005100.4 (199338785..199341306, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_086019.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Vkorc1 gene polymorphisms confer resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide in Turkish rats.
Title: Vkorc1 gene polymorphisms confer resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide in Turkish rats.
Large-scale identification of rodenticide resistance in Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus in the Netherlands based on Vkorc1 codon 139 mutations.
Title: Large-scale identification of rodenticide resistance in Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus in the Netherlands based on Vkorc1 codon 139 mutations.
VKORC1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in rodents in Spain.
Title: VKORC1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in rodents in Spain.
Distribution of non-synonymous Vkorc1 mutations in roof rats (Rattus rattus) in France and in Spain - consequences for management.
Title: Distribution of non-synonymous Vkorc1 mutations in roof rats (Rattus rattus) in France and in Spain - consequences for management.
VKORC1 mutations in rodent populations of a tropical city-state as an indicator of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance.
Title: VKORC1 mutations in rodent populations of a tropical city-state as an indicator of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance.
The VKORC1 ER-luminal loop mutation (Leu76Pro) leads to a significant resistance to warfarin in black rats (Rattus rattus).
Title: The VKORC1 ER-luminal loop mutation (Leu76Pro) leads to a significant resistance to warfarin in black rats (Rattus rattus).
A VKORC1-based SNP survey of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in the house mouse, Norway rat and roof rat in the USA.
Title: A VKORC1-based SNP survey of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in the house mouse, Norway rat and roof rat in the USA.
These studies evaluated the association between vitamin K dietary deficiency and mutations in the VKORC1 enzyme.
Title: Establishment of the Variation of Vitamin K Status According to Vkorc1 Point Mutations Using Rat Models.
Mutation in VKORC1 associated with a limited vitamin K intake is thus a major risk for cardiovascular disease. Our model is the first non-invasive rat model that shows spontaneous medial calcifications and would be useful for studying physiological function of vitamin K.
Title: Missense mutation of VKORC1 leads to medial arterial calcification in rats.
This study demonstrated that elevated CYP450 oxidative metabolism leading to accelerated difenacoum detoxification is involved in the Berkshire phenotype of L120Q mutation in Vkorc1.
Title: Elevated difenacoum metabolism is involved in the difenacoum-resistant phenotype observed in Berkshire rats homozygous for the L120Q mutation in the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (Vkorc1) gene.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (17)

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables quinone binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive) activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
contributes_to vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive) activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive) activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in blood coagulation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in blood coagulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in blood coagulation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in bone development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in bone development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of coagulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of blood coagulation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in vitamin K metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in vitamin K metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within vitamin K metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vitamin K metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in vitamin K metabolic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in xenobiotic metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1

Names: Warfarin resistance; phylloquinone epoxide reductase; vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide reductase subunit 1; vitamin K1 epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive)

NP_976080.1

EC 1.17.4.4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.