CORT cortistatin [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CORTprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cortistatinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2257
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000241563 MIM:602784; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2257
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: SST2; CST-14; CST-17; CST-29
Summary: This gene encodes a neuropeptide that is structurally similar to somatostatin. It binds to all known somatostatin receptors, and shares many pharmacological and functional properties with somatostatin, including the depression of neuronal activity. However, it also has many properties distinct from somatostatin, such as induction of slow-wave sleep, apparently by antagonism of the excitatory effects of acetylcholine on the cortex, reduction of locomotor activity, and activation of cation selective currents not responsive to somatostatin. The preproprotein undergoes further processing into multiple mature products. Read-through transcripts exist between this gene and the upstream APITD1 (apoptosis-inducing, TAF9-like domain 1) gene, as represented in GeneID:100526739. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]
Expression: Biased expression in brain (RPKM 6.6), testis (RPKM 2.0) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1p36.22

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (10450031..10451998)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (9993648..9995614)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (10510088..10512055)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Cortistatin deficiency reveals a dysfunctional brain endothelium with impaired gene pathways, exacerbated immune activation, and disrupted barrier integrity.
Title: Cortistatin deficiency reveals a dysfunctional brain endothelium with impaired gene pathways, exacerbated immune activation, and disrupted barrier integrity.
Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin.
Title: Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin.
Cytoskeleton Protein Filamin A Is Required for Efficient Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Internalization and Recycling through Rab5 and Rab4 Sorting Endosomes in Tumor Somatotroph Cells.
Title: Cytoskeleton Protein Filamin A Is Required for Efficient Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Internalization and Recycling through Rab5 and Rab4 Sorting Endosomes in Tumor Somatotroph Cells.
Cortistatin protects against intervertebral disc degeneration through targeting mitochondrial ROS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Title: Cortistatin protects against intervertebral disc degeneration through targeting mitochondrial ROS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Decreased maternal serum cortistatin levels in pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Title: Decreased maternal serum cortistatin levels in pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Comparison of predictive value of NT-proBNP, sST2 and MMPs in heart failure patients with different ejection fractions.
Title: Comparison of predictive value of NT-proBNP, sST2 and MMPs in heart failure patients with different ejection fractions.
CST suppresses TNF-alphain-duction of cartilage degeneration through binding to TNFRs and main-tains homeostasis of chondrocytes in Osteoarthritis.
Title: Cortistatin binds to TNF-α receptors and protects against osteoarthritis.
Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus had lower plasma levels of vortistatin (CST) than healthy controls, and plasma CST was associated with glucose metabolism and insulin resistance.
Title: Circulating levels of cortistatin are correlated with metabolic parameters in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.
There is a relationship between plamsa CST and BCKDK in sepsis patients.
Title: The plasma levels of CST and BCKDK in patients with sepsis.
Cortistatin emerges as a natural endogenous regulator of smooth muscle cells under pathological conditions and an attractive candidate for the pharmacological management of vascular diseases that course with neointimal lesion formation.
Title: Cortistatin inhibits migration and proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells and decreases neointimal formation on carotid artery ligation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (21)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Readthrough CENPS-CORT

Readthrough gene: CENPS-CORT, Included gene: CENPS

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables neuropeptide hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables neuropeptide hormone activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in chemical synaptic transmission	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell migration	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cortistatin

Names: cortistatin-14; cortistatin-17; cortistatin-29; prepro-cortistatin; preprocortistatin; somatostatin 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.