Endog endonuclease G [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Endogprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: endonuclease Gprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:1310763
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000016033 AllianceGenome:RGD:1310763
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables DNA nuclease activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to glucose stimulus; positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation; and positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death. Located in perikaryon and perinuclear region of cytoplasm. Biomarker of brain ischemia; congestive heart failure; muscular atrophy; and visual epilepsy. Orthologous to human ENDOG (endonuclease G). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 310.6), Muscle (RPKM 216.8) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 3p12

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	3	NC_086021.1 (33846935..33849531)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	3	NC_051338.1 (13449113..13451715)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	3	NC_005102.4 (8741833..8744414)

Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ovariectomy and 17beta-estradiol (E2) replacement on the expression of Cytochrome C, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and Endonuclease-G (Endo-G) and CREB in hippocampus of the adult female rats.
Title: Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol replacement play a role on the expression of Endonuclease-G and phosphorylated cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB) protein in hippocampus.
Peroxynitrite can trigger apoptosis in spiral ganglion neurons associated with mitochondrial AIF and endonuclease G intranuclear localization.
Title: Intranuclear localization of apoptosis-inducing factor and endonuclease G involves in peroxynitrite-induced apoptosis of spiral ganglion neurons.
Displays a remarkable salt tolerance unique among secreted endonucleases characterized so far.
Title: Effects of salt on the kinetics and thermodynamic stability of endonuclease I from Vibrio salmonicida and Vibrio cholerae.
present study has further established the link between mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species and heart disease and has uncovered a role for Endog in maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy
Title: Endonuclease G is a novel determinant of cardiac hypertrophy and mitochondrial function.
These data establish a link between Bnip3 and EndoG-dependent, TUNEL-positive, DNA fragmentation in ischemic cardiomyocytes in the absence of caspases, defining an alternative cell death pathway in postmitotic cells.
Title: EndoG links Bnip3-induced mitochondrial damage and caspase-independent DNA fragmentation in ischemic cardiomyocytes.
EndoG upregulates and translocates from mitochondria to nucleus in cultured hippocampal neurons following oxygen-glucose deprivation, before observable pyknosis. When EndoG translocation is increased, neuronal death increases and vice versa.
Title: Mitochondrial BNIP3 upregulation precedes endonuclease G translocation in hippocampal neuronal death following oxygen-glucose deprivation.
Endonuclease G is translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of neurons and expressed with apoptotic-like morphology in the nucleus of astroglia in the thalamic reticular nucleus after global cerebral ischemia.
Title: Endonuclease G expression in thalamic reticular nucleus after global cerebral ischemia.
caspase-independent events are involved in cardiac apoptosis during the late remodeling stage of pathologic heart failure
Title: Response of caspase-independent apoptotic factors to high salt diet-induced heart failure.
These data indicate that apoptosis is an early, and therefore possibly causative, event in the process of muscle atrophy, and that EndoG nuclear translocation is specific for myofiber nuclear apoptosis.
Title: Nuclear translocation of EndoG at the initiation of disuse muscle atrophy and apoptosis is specific to myonuclei.
Data indicate increases in the nuclear levels of caspase-activated acinus and DNase and Endonuclease G (a caspase-independent endonuclease) in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell nuclei with different temporal patterns following an AMPA-insult.
Title: AMPA-induced excitotoxicity increases nuclear levels of CAD, endonuclease G, and acinus and induces chromatin condensation in rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (12)

General gene information

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Markers

BI278171 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:244249

RH124237 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:161059

RH134420 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:217700

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA endonuclease activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA nuclease activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables magnesium ion binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nucleic acid binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in DNA damage response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within apoptotic DNA fragmentation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to calcium ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within in utero embryonic development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mitochondrial DNA catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of TOR signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of autophagy	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to antibiotic	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to estradiol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to mechanical stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to tumor necrosis factor	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perikaryon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: endonuclease G, mitochondrial

NP_001030110.1

EC 3.1.30.-

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.